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The 2019 defense authorization act directed the Secretary of Defense to produce a definition of artificial intelligence (AI) by August 13, 2019 to help guide law and policy. But that was not done.

Thereforeno official U.S. government definition of AI yet exists, the Congressional Research Service observed ina newly updated reporton the subject.

But plenty of other unofficial and sometimes inconsistent definitions do exist. And in any case, CRS noted, AI research is underway in the fields of intelligence collection and analysis, logistics, cyber operations, information operations, command and control, and in a variety of semiautonomous and autonomous vehicles. Already, AI has been incorporated into military operations in Iraq and Syria.

The Central Intelligence Agency alone has around 140 projects in development that leverage AI in some capacity to accomplish tasks such as image recognition and predictive analytics. CRS surveys the field inArtificial Intelligence and National Security, updated November 21, 2019.

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The 2018 financial audit of the Department of Defense, which was the first such audit ever, cost a stunning $413 million to perform. Its findings were assessed by CRS in another new report. SeeDepartment of Defense First Agency-wide Financial Audit (FY2018): Background and Issues for Congress, November 27, 2019.

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The Arctic region is increasingly important as a focus of security, environmental and economic concern. So it is counterintuitive and likely counterproductive that the position of U.S. Special Representative for the Arctichas been left vacant since January 2017. In practice it has beeneffectively eliminatedby the Trump Administration. SeeChanges in the Arctic: Background and Issues for Congress, updated November 27, 2019.

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Other noteworthy new and updated CRS reports include the following (which are also available through the CRS public website atcrsreports.congress.gov).

Resolutions to Censure the President: Procedure and History, updated November 20, 2019

Immigration: Recent Apprehension Trends at the U.S. Southwest Border, November 19, 2019

Air Force B-21 Raider Long Range Strike Bomber, updated November 13, 2019

Precision-Guided Munitions: Background and Issues for Congress, November 6, 2019

Space Weather: An Overview of Policy and Select U.S. Government Roles and Responsibilities, November 20, 2019

Intelligence Community Spending: Trends and Issues, updated November 6, 2019

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Artificial Intelligence and National Security, and More from CRS - Secrecy News

Companies planning on using artificial intelligence (AI) in their work should ensure it is transparent and accountable, the Information Commissioners Office (ICO) has said.

The UKs data watchdog has published its first draft regulatory guidance into the use of AI in collaboration with the Alan Turing Institute.

It warned that the public are still uneasy over the use of computer software to make decisions previously made by humans, so any systems must be transparent and provide clear explanations of decisions made.

The guidance identified four key principles for AI: transparency, accountability, consideration of context and reflection on impacts.

The ICO said it had found that more than half of people remain concerned about machines making complex, automated decisions about them.

The potential for AI is huge, but its implementation is often complex, which makes it difficult for people to understand how it works, said Simon McDougall, the ICOs executive director of technology and innovation.

And when people dont understand a technology, it can lead to doubt, uncertainty and mistrust.

Last year, ministers published the AI Sector Deal, a joint venture between the Government and industry to try to push the UK to the forefront of emerging technology such as AI.

The ICO and the Alan Turing Institutes draft guidance comes after an independent review by Professor Dame Wendy Hall and also the Government urged both parties to provide input on the subject.

The guidance said the four main principles are rooted in the General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR), EU-wide laws introduced last year to hand greater control over personal data to individuals.

The principles say organisations should ensure decisions made by AI are obvious and appropriately explained to people in a meaningful way.

On accountability, it says firms should ensure appropriate oversight of AI decision systems, and be answerable to others.

It also called for companies to reflect on the impact their AI use would have by ensuring they ask and answer questions about the ethical purposes and objectives of your AI project at the initial stages of formulating the problem and defining the outcome.

The ICO said it will consult on its guidance until January 24, and Mr McDougall encouraged industry experts to respond to its draft before then.

The decisions made using AI need to be properly understood by the people they impact, he said.

This is no easy feat and involves navigating the ethical and legal pitfalls around the decision-making process built in to AI systems.

The rest is here:

Artificial intelligence use 'must be transparent and accountable' - The Irish News

Its impossible to ignore the fact that advances in artificial intelligence (AI) is changing how we do our current jobs. But what has captured even more interest is how the increasing capability of this technology will affect future jobs.

In trying to determine the specific effects on which jobs and which sectors, many studies have been undertaking but its hard to capture this information.

To add further research to this topic theBrookings Institutionissued a reporton Nov. 20, presenting a new method of analyzing this issue.

By employing a novel technique developed by Stanford University Ph.D. candidate Michael Webb, the new report establishes jobexposure levelsby analyzing the overlap between AI-related patents and job descriptions, the report said. In this way, the research homes in on the impacts of AI specifically and does it by studying empirical statistical associations as opposed to expert forecasting.

The technique Webb used was able to quantify the overlap between thetext of AI patents and the text of job descriptions that can identify the kinds of tasks and occupations likely to be affected by particular AI capabilities.

We find that Webbs AI measures depict a very different range of impacts on the workforce than those from robotics and software. Where the robotics and software that dominate the automation field seem to mostly to involve routine or rule-based, tasks and thus lower-or-middle pay roles, AIs distinctive capabilities suggest that high-wage occupations will be some of the most exposed, the report noted.

Using patents are useful here because they provide timely predictions of the commercial relevance of specific technological applications. Occupational descriptions are also useful because they provide detailed insight into economic activities at the scale of the whole economy."

Findings

Based on these conclusions the report says that we have a lot to learn about AI, and that these are extremely early days in our inquiries.Whats coming may not resemble what we have experienced or expect to experience.

Society should get ready for a very different pattern of impact than those that accompaniedthe broad adoption of robotics and software. While the last waves of automation led to increases of inequity and wage polarization, its not clear that AI will have the same effects.

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What Jobs Will Artificial Intelligence Affect? - EHS Today

Discussions, articles, and reports about the AI opportunity across the financial services industry continue to proliferate amid considerable hype around the technology, and for good reason: The aggregate potential cost savings for banks from AI applications is estimated at $447 billion by 2023, with the front and middle office accounting for $416 billion of that total, per Autonomous Next research seen by Business Insider Intelligence.

Most banks (80%) are highly aware of the potential benefits presented by AI, per an OpenText survey of financial services professionals. In fact, many banks are planning to deploy solutions enabled by AI: 75% of respondents at banks with over $100 billion in assets say they're currently implementing AI strategies, compared with 46% at banks with less than $100 billion in assets, per a UBS Evidence Lab report seen by Business Insider Intelligence. Certain AI use cases have already gained prominence across banks' operations, with chatbots in the front office and anti-payments fraud in the middle office the most mature.

The companies mentioned in this report are: Capital One, Citi, HSBC, JPMorgan Chase, Personetics, Quantexa, and U.S. Bank

Here are some of the key takeaways from the report:

In full, the report:

Interested in getting the full report? Here are two ways to access it:

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AI IN BANKING: Artificial intelligence could be a near $450 billion opportunity for banks - here are the strat - Business Insider India

The Seattle Seahawks will now be utilizing Amazon Web Services in bringing artificial intelligence ... [+] and machine learning to their game preparation in hopes to make more efficient on the field decisions. (Photo by Lachlan Cunningham/Getty Images)

Amazon has deep roots in Seattle which are about to get deeper. The company announced it will be expanding its services within the NFL, after partnering with the Seattle Seahawks to provide the team with its cloud and machine learning/artificial intelligence offerings. In the comprehensive partnership, the company will move the vast majority of its infrastructure to AWS and will also provide wide-ranging services, including computing, storage and database, as well as analytics intended to drive game strategy decisions for the team.

Amazons NFL Next Gen Stats offering has been providing player tracking data throughout this season and the Seahawks will utilize their data, that tracks the position of the ball on the field as well as every player 10 times per second, to provide detailed information on each players impact on the field. With this new partnership, the Seahawks will be able to use its own player data internally to develop a custom analytics and proprietary statistics platform combining the Next Gen Stats offering.

In addition to making possible a deeper understanding of team performance through analytics, the team will also use Amazons ML Solutions Lab, the companys program around machine learning and predictive analytics. The Seahawks will implement new capabilities through the software that will provide deeper analytics and insights through video footage. Using the AWS ML services, the team will be able to combine footage from training camp through the postseason, including NFL Coaches Film that gives a birds-eye view of all 22 players on the field, with Amazons Rekognition service, to better identify and understand opponents defensive and offensive strategies.

As our official cloud provider, AWS will enable the Seahawks to become a data-driven organization that uses the power of technology to fuel future championships. We chose AWS because of their relentless focus on innovation, their broad array of machine learning services, and proven to experience in supporting large sports organizations and enterprises around the world at scale, said Chip Suttles, Vice President, Technology, Seattle Seahawks. AWSs breadth and depth of services will help us to extract and pinpoint every possible advantage from the vast amount of data we collect, delivering the actionable insights we need to positively impact our decision-making.

Another service the Seahawks will utilize is Amazons SageMaker platform that will help develop a fully managed service around the building, training and deploying of machine learning models. These models can analyze football statistical information such as quarterback hurries, knockdowns or sacks and are also able to judge how a quarterback handles pressure in the pocket or throws downfield when they are under heavy duress by a defense. These new capabilities will not only be able to provide insights to Seahawks coaches but will also be able to make data-driven recommendations to the team, once the system gets smarter through information being fed into its software.

The Seahawks previously used Microsofts services and its data environments were stored on Microsfts Azure cloud. Even with the Amazon tie-in, the team will continue to utilize Microsofts products and services through the teams partnership, as well as through Microsofts integration with the NFL.

Amazons relationship with the NFL has slowly but steadily expanded over time, with its streaming of Thursday Night Football for the past three seasons over Amazon Prime Video and the addition of games on Amazons Twitch platform. Amazon has aimed to enhance the fan experience through its Next Gen Stats offering and has used Seahawks quarterback Russell Wilson in its advertisements for the product. Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos was also reportedly endorsed by NFL owners to become an owner within the league in the near future.

Partnerships like this will become much more common going forward as data has proven to be the next frontier into the analysis of sports, not only from a game play perspective but also from a business perspective. Understanding how to get an edge on the field or utilizing a potential revenue stream makes these types of offerings very enticing and something each team will likely be engaging in the very near future.

Excerpt from:

Seattle Seahawks Select Amazon In Utilizing Artificial Intelligence To Help Make Smarter Decisions On The Field - Forbes