Archive for the ‘Democracy’ Category

Democracy is in decline, so what can we do? – Newsroom

New Zealand is not immune from international trends and cannot afford to be complacent about its democracy, writes Sir Geoffrey Palmer

New Zealand is one of the worlds oldest and most stable democracies, and Kiwis are justifiably proud to live in the first country in the world to adopt universal suffrage.

But we cannot rest on past deeds. In modern times, New Zealands democracy is neither as healthy nor as safe as it could be.

At the last election, more than 700,000 enrolled electors didnt vote. This included more than one-third of under-35s.

A recent survey by Massey University found widespread discontent among voters even those who support the current Government.

About half of those summed up the countrys mood as 'discontented. About half agreed that political leaders are out of touch with the people. About half wanted a complete change of government even though Labour supporters were under-represented in the sample. More than two-thirds thought the system of government was either completely broken or working but needs to change.

These results were mirrored in a recently published Ipsos poll, which found that more than half of those surveyed thought that political parties and politicians didnt care about them.

The Massey research also gave some insights into why voters are discontented and mistrust politicians.

Most were concerned about rising inequality, and in particular about a housing crisis that is locking many young New Zealanders out of home ownership and leaving some with no shelter at all. Health and the environment were also big concerns.

The prominence of the environment is unsurprising at a time when New Zealands waterways are being managed in ways that scarcely reflect Kiwi values and sometimes dont even reflect the law.

In earlier times, these levels of discontentment might have been reflected in lower popular support for the Government. But times have changed, and the political system isnt working as it used to.

What we appear to be seeing particularly from younger people is disconnection from and mistrust of all political parties, and from the entire system of government. Those who feel economically disenfranchised also feel abandoned by politicians and politics.

Voters have little understanding of how New Zealands system of law-making government works, and therefore little understanding of how their input might bring about change.

We have already seen in Brexit, and remarkable election results in the United States, France, and Britain how this discontentment can play out in novel and unexpected ways.

Rather than wait and do nothing, wouldnt it be better to tackle voter discontentment head on?

There are four main reasons for voters switching off from politics.

First, there is a lack of information. Voters have little understanding of how New Zealands system of law-making government works, and therefore little understanding of how their input might bring about change.

This is not surprising: there is no single document a New Zealander can read to find out how New Zealands system of government works, and despite the recommendations of the 2013 Constitutional Advisory Panel very little effort is made to explain how things work. Civics education is limited, and public education almost non-existent.

Second, New Zealanders have largely turned away from political parties. Parties used to have large numbers of members, who had opportunities to debate and discuss the partys policies. This created a very direct link between voters and Parliament.

Now, only a tiny fraction of New Zealanders belong to political parties. Citizen participations has reduced markedly, making the political system less connected to the people.

New Zealand now has cadre parties, and tiny numbers of people in the professional political elites exert the power. This is not the type of representative democracywe once had.

Third, there has been a long and sustained decline in the political media. Newspapers used to carry detailed accounts of parliamentary debates and political issues, and broadcast media used to focus on lengthy current affairs interviews. Media understood their responsibilities to inform the public and hold government to account.

As competition has increased, news media have become more entertainment- and celebrity-focused, and media staffing and resources have become more stretched. Long-form journalism about current affairs has largely disappeared, and parliamentary and political coverage have been reduced to sound-bites, often focusing on the sensational or bizarre. Information and accountability have been sacrificed.

Its true that a vast amount of information is available online, including records of parliamentary debates and select committee hearings. But people do not know what to make of it and cannot devote the time and effort to find out what it all means.

In this transformed media environment, politicians go to great lengths to secure media attention and to control the ways in which they are perceived. Significant taxpayer resources are devoted to managing politicians images and to manipulating media coverage and public opinion. Public disenchantment with political processes might be reduced if less effort was spent on persuasion and more on involving voters in policy decisions.

Long-form journalism about current affairs has largely disappeared, and parliamentary and political coverage have been reduced to sound-bites, often focusing on the sensational or bizarre.

A fourth reason for public disenchantment is the rising influence of money and professional lobby groups. In the absence of mass membership, political parties now rely for funding on donations from trade unions, corporations, and wealthy individuals. In such a situation there are risks that the voice of ordinary people will be drowned out by the interests of those with money.

New Zealand has some safeguards in place to limit third party spending on election campaigns and to promote transparency about political donations. But it is difficult to escape the conclusion that election outcomes depend at least partly on which party has the most money. There is a case for tightening political donationand election spending regulations, and for increasing regulatory oversight of political parties. But how likely are existing parliamentarians to support such measures?

New Zealand needs democratic renewal. This means encouraging civic literacy, so people understand how government works, and how they can have influence. And it means rebuilding trust in the institutions of government, by reconnecting the governors with the governed.

Democracy means more than having a vote every three years. It means having genuine opportunities for informed participation in the business of government, so that laws and policies reflect the wishes of the people.

Internationally, some democratic countries are finding new ways for government to engage with citizens, and involve them in decision-making. In Ireland and Iceland, for example, randomly selected panels of citizens have been involved in drawing up constitutional reforms.

These are efforts at deliberative democracy a democracy that informs its citizens and involves them in decision-making, instead of reserving all power for an elected elite.

One of the principal aims of the codified constitution that Dr Andrew Butler and I have proposed (which we have called A Constitution for Aotearoa New Zealand) is to strengthen understanding of New Zealands system of government, by gathering all of the main laws in one document which people can easily find.

A second aim is to promote discussion and debate. Do you agree that New Zealands democracy could be made stronger? If so, how? What should change?

Tell us your views at http://www.constitutionaotearoa.org.nz/.

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Democracy is in decline, so what can we do? - Newsroom

Letter: Corrupting democracy – Topeka Capital Journal

I find it odd that President Trump has sent his voter fraud champion, Kris Kobach, to collect social security numbers, dates of birth and party affiliations for every registered voter in the U.S. Trump isnt inclined to do so much as release his tax returns, while Kobach refuses audits of Kansas elections.

Voter fraud, gerrymandering, intimidation, drug laws, mass incarceration - all are tools the right wing uses across the country to deter poor and minority Americans from participating in our democracy.

Widespread voter fraud is a lie perpetuated by the far-right to justify laws that specifically target minority voters to ensure that less of them show up at the polls on election day. This not only favors the GOP, but also white nationalists, white supremacists and the Klu Klux Klan.

Democracy is the most valuable thing the U.S. has to offer in this world. It needs to be vigorously defended against people like Donald Trump and Kris Kobach.

DAVID HEWITT, Topeka

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Letter: Corrupting democracy - Topeka Capital Journal

How Erdoganism Is Killing Turkish Democracy | Foreign Affairs – Foreign Affairs

Turkey was undeniably transformed by last Julys failed coup. President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, having barely survived an attempt on this life, has become a Turkish Muslim messiah in the eyes of his supporters: he is the unchallenged leader of the nation, charged with reinvigorating the Muslim umma, the global Muslim community. Opposition has become blasphemous. Those who refuse to support him are anti-Turkish and anti-Muslim and therefore enemies of the state. This is terrible news for Turkeys democracy, which requires a healthy opposition to survive.

Erdogan, a right-wing leader, first came to power as prime minister in 2003 through his Justice and Development Party (AKP). He became president in 2014. In that time, especially during the last decade, he has delivered economic growth, which has helped him increase the AKPs vote share. More insidiously, he also demonized electorates unlikely to vote for him, including seculars, liberals, social democrats, leftists, and Kurds. This strategy built Erdogan a large base made up of conservatives and political Islamists.

After 2014, Erdogan strove to transform the Turkish political system into an executive style presidency in which he, as president, would consolidate the powers of head of state, head of government, and head of the ruling party. This seemed a tall order; Erdogan needed to win a popular referendum to change the constitution before he could become omnipotent, but his AKP had never received more than 50 percent of the vote.

Almost two years later, Erdogans presidential ambitions were reanimated through a crisis that threatened to destroy him entirely: the July 15 coup attempt. Before that, Erdogan had already been one of Turkeys most powerful leaders. By surviving an attempt on his life and subsequently defeating his enemies, especially the Gulen movementa former ally that seems to have played a key role in the couphe only gained in stature, which he then leveraged in a snap constitutional

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How Erdoganism Is Killing Turkish Democracy | Foreign Affairs - Foreign Affairs

Tillerson honors ‘victims & defenders of Turkish democracy’ during failed coup attempt – RT

The US Secretary of State has lauded the courage of the Turkish people who defended their country and democracy during last years military coup attempt, which Ankara pinned on the followers of US-based cleric Fethullah Gulen.

Nearly a year ago, the Turkish people brave men and women stood up against coup plotters and defended their democracy, Rex Tillerson said during a speech at World Petroleum Congress in Istanbul.

READ MORE: US politicians, bureaucrats & academics caught in Turkeys failed coup attempt probe

I take this moment to recognize their courage and honor the victims of the events of July 15, 2016. It was on that day that the Turkish people exercised their rights under the Turkish constitution, defended their place in a prosperous Turkey, and we remember those who were injured or died in that event, he added.

Last July, a rogue faction of the Turkish military attempted to overthrow the government using tanks and attack helicopters. As the night unfolded, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan called on his civilian supporters to take to the streets of Istanbul.

Tens of thousands of Turks confronted the armed plotters to prevent the overthrow of the government. At least 265 people were killed, including 104 pro-coup participants, while 1,440 people were injured in military action in Istanbul and Ankara.

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Washingtons relations with Turkey have been strained following the failed coup attempt, which Ankara pinned on political dissident Gulen. Turkey has demanded the extradition of the cleric, but the US has refused to honor the request. Gulen, who has lived in Pennsylvania for many years, repeatedly denied any connections with the coup attempt.

Ankara, has in the past, criticized the US over its attitude to the coup attempt. The Turkish leadership even implied that American intelligence had played a role in the failed plot.

Instead of thanking this nation that quashed the coup in the name of democracy, on the contrary, you are taking sides with the coup plotters, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said in reference to the US in July last year. The putschist is already in your country.

My people know who is behind this scheme they know who the superior intelligence behind it is," Erdogan added at the time.

READ MORE: 100s of thousands rally in Istanbul ending 25-day march of Turkish opposition leader

The failed coup attempt led to a massive crackdown in Turkey and saw thousands of people, including military officers, judges, and academics arrested. Critics, however, believe that the plot was used by Erdogans government as a convenient pretext to crush any opposition and dissent.

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Tillerson honors 'victims & defenders of Turkish democracy' during failed coup attempt - RT

Poland democracy hero Lech Walesa hospitalized, said ‘weak’ – ABC News

Poland's former president Lech Walesa, a democracy hero, has been hospitalized with heart problems in his Baltic coast home city of Gdansk, his son said Saturday.

Jaroslaw Walesa told The Associated Press via text message that his father was feeling "unfortunately weak." It was not immediately known when he could be discharged from the heart diseases ward of the Gdansk University Clinic.

The 73-year-old Walesa on Thursday attended a speech by President Donald Trump in Warsaw. He was booed by many in a crowd that supported the current government, which criticizes Walesa's role in Poland's politics.

Walesa strongly criticizes the government, saying its policies threaten democracy and hurt Poland's ties with the European Union's leading nations.

On Monday he had been expected to lead a demonstration against monthly observances that the ruling populist party holds in memory of President Lech Kaczynski and 95 others killed in a 2010 plane crash in Russia. The head of the ruling party is Kaczynski's twin brother, Jaroslaw, who is Poland's most powerful politician.

Walesa says the monthly observances are used to rally support for the ruling party.

The protest planned for downtown Warsaw will proceed even if Walesa cannot attend, said another pro-democracy activist, Wladyslaw Frasyniuk.

Walesa in 1980 led a massive strike against Poland's communist authorities, giving rise to the Solidarity freedom movement. Solidarity peacefully ousted the communists from power in 1989, ushering in democracy.

But Kaczynski claims that the transition included a secret deal that allowed the communists to retain some influence and wealth.

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Poland democracy hero Lech Walesa hospitalized, said 'weak' - ABC News