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Your leader rightly deplores the severe reductions in adult education and part-time learning provision in recent years (The Guardian view on adult education: bring back evening classes, 21 March). This has numerous negative consequences, not only for potential adult learners themselves but also for wider society. One key aspect of such education, which has now virtually disappeared, is critical liberal adult education. In my view, this is a foundational aspect of a vibrant, participative democracy, which requires an informed, socially aware and tolerant citizenry. Adult education is thus a key element in civil society.

Some years ago, Raymond Williams argued that the primary task of the adult educator was to critique the prevailing common sense. University extramural departments and the Workers Educational Association (WEA) and other similar organisations provided the space where such critical education was provided much of it for adults who had had no opportunities for education since leaving school at the minimum age. Moreover, from this symbiotic relationship between adult students, with rich life experience, and tutors, with academic expertise, emerged such seminal works as EP Thompsons The Making of the English Working Class.

Unless and until we recreate, in appropriate contemporary forms, such critical, social purpose adult education, we are at real risk of undermining our democracy.Richard TaylorFormer director of adult education and lifelong learning, universities of Leeds and Cambridge; former chair of trustees, WEA

In your editorial on adult education, your argument rightly concerned improving literacy and training for reskilling. However, if lockdowns have taught us anything it is surely that tuition is essential for developing leisure skills. Lockdown with furlough pay has been mentally scarring for some, but consider what retirement on less income is like. I was fortunate that in my 30s to 40s I was able to try painting (I hadnt got much colour sense) and pottery (the clay wouldnt stay where I put it) without a large outlay on equipment, as it was shared between a large community. Sculpture, woodworking and metalworking came next, and wine-tasting. Now, retired, I can explore these skills and supplement them with writing, music and photography. Lockdown? I hardly noticed it. But it is essential for the mental health of future generations that leisure skills are available as subsidised topics at evening classes for all.Donald HawthornRuddington, Nottinghamshire

During the 1980s and 90s I taught Norwegian at evening classes, first in London and then in Newcastle upon Tyne and Sunderland. Some came for family reasons, some because of work, but many came because they had met Norwegians on holiday. Since almost all Norwegians speak English it is certainly not necessary to learn it, but they wanted to be able to talk to their friends in their own language and understand a bit about their culture.

For many of my students this was the first time they had tried different sounds, different ways of expressing themselves and above all, different ways of looking at things. They enjoyed learning, they gained confidence, and they enjoyed their encounter with Europeans and a wider world. Cutting down evening classes has had a massive effect in making this country more insular and less good at thinking.Dee ThomasSt Albans

It was great to see your editorial on the benefits lifelong learning can bring. We at Birkbeck, part of the University of London and the only constituent college with a part-time focus, have been pursuing this agenda for nearly 200 years supporting working Londoners through evening teaching. We know the government has raised the profile of this issue through the Skills for Jobs white paper, but further support is needed for part-time higher education. With increasing numbers of graduates (in fact pre-pandemic London had a 50% graduate workforce), for some the only way will be to reskill rather than upskill. This may mean studying, part-time, at a similar level to the qualification they already hold. To that end we would ask the government to further support part-time study through its strategic priorities grant in the next spending review. This will increase opportunity and choice for all.Prof David LatchmanVice-chancellor, Birkbeck, University of London

As a longtime tutor in adult education (creative writing), I would point out another important factor: the helpfulness, for retired people, of getting them together with other people, exchanging ideas, and exercising their brains. Many of my students were retired; some had long ago been told by their teachers that they were bad at writing, and were now excitedly using their imaginations for the first time; some were taking a much-needed weekly break from caring responsibilities; some were writing their life history and often coming to terms with past pain.

The utility of this goes way beyond employment, which was what the 1990s government changes to adult education wanted us to focus on. As you say, this probably led to wider savings in health. I used to feel that by participating in my classes these admirable people were protecting their mental health; maybe also their physical health. I would add that I feel privileged, still, to have been able to work with them.Lesli WilsonReading, Berkshire

Your editorial on adult education highlights the urgent need for initiatives to be provided in a wide variety of settings for adults with previously limited educational opportunities.

Prior to major cuts in all forms of adult education, there were a number of projects which focused on developing this provision.

For example, between 1982 and 1986 Leeds University adult education department organised 343 courses which attracted 4,000 participants. These were organised with working-class groups in Leeds, Bradford and subsequently Teesside, and held in many different venues such as community centres, church halls and working mens clubs. Courses were organised for unemployed people, older adults, women and BAME groups. Community groups, local voluntary organisations and tenants associations were centrally involved in these initiatives.

Close links to the TUCs network of 210 Unemployed Workers Centres led to regional day schools and national residential courses (held at Ruskin College for many years).

Education for the missing millions was a key issue in the 1980s. Its a tragedy that it is even more needed now.Kevin WardLeeds

In your leader you note the erosion of adult education and emphasise its importance in allowing people a second chance.

I grew up in Risca in south Wales, a small town which had a thriving adult education centre Oxford House. In 1972 this was catering for some 1,600 students and acting as a social, cultural and educational centre for the area.

Most of its classes were not vocational. They met a wide range of interests such as Welsh, geology, psychology, car maintenance, amateur dramatics, dressmaking and industrial archaeology.

Over time, the funding of adult education courses became dependent on them leading to qualifications which most of these adult learners were not seeking. Many of the general interest classes got squeezed out.

A revival of adult education must go beyond providing training for skills. It needs once again to feed that hunger for learning for its own sake.John BoalerCalne, Wiltshire

Hear! Hear! to your leader. In the early 1960s I taught French conversation evening classes once a week at Risinghill school, run by the much-lamented ILEA.

Among my students were Charles Weekley, son of Frieda Lawrence, (later married to the novelist DH Lawrence) whose first husband was the eminent linguist Ernest Weekley, a retired Welsh miner, a chef and a retired office cleaner. They had all come to learn for pleasure no tests or exams.

Charles, whose French was fluent and better than mine, entertained us with stories of the Lawrence household, the chef described mouth-watering dishes, the miner talked about his life in the mines and the cleaner told us about some interesting habits of the occupants of the houses she cleaned.

With this this heady mix of sex, food, politics and social mores, we had hugely enjoyable evenings and I hope they felt that their French improved!Eva TutchellTeddington, London

I did not go to a conventional university, instead training and working as a nurse and midwife during the 1960s, 70s and 80s. But I did achieve a degree, in a wide range of social science subjects, with the admirable Open University, at a modest cost.

More recently, I have studied, and would thoroughly recommend Future Learn, the totally free offshoot of the OU . Again, a wide range of subjects, in the arts, sciences, and other subjects; short courses, totally free, and with, to me, one of the most interesting elements the ability to correspond not only with tutors, but with students all over the world doing the same course. On completion, students may obtain a certificate of achievement at a modest cost.

I have just finished a course on sustainable futures, after several other climate change-related courses, in preparation for a greater understanding of Cop26 in November. If anyone is still in lockdown, and looking for something useful, interesting, and relevant to the world today, then just sign up for Future Learn. Just Google it.Rose HarvieDumbarton

Original post:
Adult education, mental health and democracy - The Guardian

Its time to set the record straight: Voting in Connecticut is overwhelmingly safe and secure; it is administered by election professionals from both major parties.

Whether in-person, by mail, or placed in drop boxes in each municipality across the state, Connecticut voters turned out in record numbers for the November 2020 election.

In fact, at 79.7%, it was the highest turnout rate in Connecticuts history, thanks to an executive order issued by the governor and affirmed by the legislature permitting any voter to vote by absentee ballot. But because of our states restrictive absentee ballot laws, this was only allowed under these special circumstances.

Now, the legislature has an opportunity to extend these changes and make no-excuse absentee ballots and early voting a reality in Connecticut.

In the past few weeks, there have been many instances of false, out of date, and misleading statements made about how Connecticuts elections are conducted. Misinformation is dangerous because it undermines our democracy and election administration a process that has multiple checks and balances to ensure that only eligible voters can participate.

Here are some facts about how things work in Connecticut:

The suggestion that an absentee ballot application automatically becomes an actual vote is categorically false.

An absentee ballot is only mailed after a completed and signed application has been reviewed and verified by the town clerk and the registrar of voters to make sure that the voter is on the active voter list. If the voters information cannot be verified, the application is rejected and the voter is notified that in order to vote by absentee they must provide more proof of their town residency.

How do election officials update the voter rolls?

Connecticuts voter rolls are continuously updated throughout the year. By state law, registrars are required to mail annual notices to every voter making sure that they still reside at that address. Registrars use the U.S. Postal Services National Change of Address (NCOA) system and participate in the national Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC) which notifies the state when a Connecticut resident has registered to vote in a different state.

When is a voter put on the Inactive List?

In Connecticut, if a voter hasnt voted in several election cycles or not responded to mail sent by the registrars, (returned as undeliverable by the post office) they may be placed on the Inactive List rather than removed from the voter rolls entirely. The only other way to remove a voter is when they die, and town clerks (who are in charge of vital records) share this information regularly with the registrars. A voter on the Inactive List may still vote in-person or by absentee ballot as long as they can provide current information that they still reside at that address.

A few other facts about voting in Connecticut: There has never been widespread voter fraud. In fact, over the past 40 years, there have been fewer than 300 filed referrals made to the State Elections Enforcement Commission related to absentee ballots, an average of seven complaints a year with the majority being mistakes made by individuals in a single household, none of which changed the result of any contest or constituted widespread anything.

Some people have referenced voting issues from the past, such as when the system changed to computers from the old paper methods back in the early 2000s, or problems that occurred over 40 years ago, none of which are relevant today. The public should feel confident and assured that every time there is a reported irregularity, the Secretary of the States office has enacted changes to strengthen the system and ensure that it doesnt happen again. In addition, because Connecticut uses paper ballots, there is a verifiable paper trail which allows the state to conduct audits after each election to ensure the accuracy of our opti-scan machines.

For over 100 years, the mission of the League of Women Voters of Connecticut has been to register and educate eligible citizens with the goal of increasing participation in our democracy. It is time for the Land of Steady Habits to enter the 21st century and give Connecticut voters more freedom as to how and when they can vote by offering them no-excuse absentee ballots and additional days of in-person voting.

The League of Women Voters of Connecticut overwhelmingly supports resolutions HJ 58 and HJ 59, that address these important issues. We ask voters to reach out to their own legislators and urge them to vote yes on these resolutions to change the state constitution and allow the voters to decide.

Democracy wins when we all participate.

Carol Reimers, President; Laura Smits, VP, Voter Services; andJudy Lhamon, VP, Advocacy, of theLeague of Women Voters of Connecticut.

CTViewpoints welcomes rebuttal or opposing views to this and all its commentaries. Read our guidelines andsubmit your commentary here.

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Democracy wins when we all participate. Allow early and absentee voting - The CT Mirror

At this point, you probably know: Its all about 61. Nothing else matters.

What Israel's last-minute polls say, and can we trust them? LISTEN to Election Overdose podcast

Will Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu succeed or fail in forming a 61-seat coalition consisting of the right wing; the extreme right wing; the racist, homophobic, xenophobic and misogynistic right wing and the ultra-Orthodox? This coalition, he hopes, will provide him immunity from trial through retroactive legislation and continue the assault on Israeli democracy.

Israel is approaching a Weimar moment of democratic crisis: a point of inflection with an equal probability of following either of the two paths is presents. That is what it this election is all about.

Exactly how many Knesset seats each party will receive is of great interest only to lower-slated candidates, election handicappers and hyperventilating political pundits. The one and only important question for the broader public is whether Netanyahu and his allies will have the magical number of 61, enabling him to form his immunity-granting coalition.

This election is not contested over the right-left fault line. It is not about a Palestinian state, nor about the future of the territories and borders. It is not about the state of the economy or gross inequality, and despite the daunting background of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is not about public health and the governments mismanagement of the crisis.

It is about Israeli democracy.

Every election in Israels political history, since the first election in 1949, has been heralded with pathos as critical, formative, historic, defining or fateful. But neverbeforewas an election straightforwardly about the very existence of Israeli democracy, which makes it all of the above.

In the history of Israels fragile democracy, there have always been cracks, flaws, dangers and crises, but never was the threat to liberal democracy so ominous and real as it is today.

The danger is not of a coup detat, an overnight installation of a dictatorship or a drastic wholesale suspension of civil rights. Rather, it comes in the form of a gradual diminishing and weakening of democracy, directed by a prime minister who does it for his own personal political and legal reasons.

What exactly constitutes a Weimar moment? In short, its a dismal failure of democracy. Naturally, Israels current predicament is not historically analogous to the events and processes in the German Weimar Republic. Instead, the similarity lies in the state of democracy and how it is perceived.

It is a historical tipping point in which a relentless assault on an already fragile democracy and its institutions finally manages to crack it and change its very nature, dynamic and direction. It moves the state's form of government to some point on the spectrum between illiberal democracy and benign authoritarianism. Israel is on the precipice of that point.

Despite being used profusely, the term "illiberal democracy" is in essence contradictory. A democracy cannot be illiberal, since its basic tenets are by definition and nature liberal. If it degenerates into illiberalism, it effectively ceases to be a democracy, while maintaining the appearance and illusion through formal processes such as elections.

A democracy is not simply majority rule. It is a prerequisite, but there also needs to be an independent judiciary, a functioning court system free of political pressure, inalienable constitutional rights, the right of appeal, a free press, an effective set of checks and balances, gatekeepers not subjected to and undeterred by political intimidation and academic freedom.

The evolution of the illiberal democracy is a 21st century phenomenon. These are democracies that are deliberately weakened from within by democratically elected but patently undemocratic leaders. They steadily and aggressively target liberal processes and institutions. They question and attack the legitimacy of elections, they undermine the judiciary, they accuse elites of controlling the system, they intimidate the bureaucracy tasked with maintaining checks and balances, they depict criticism and opposition as unpatriotic, they wage total war on the press and they blame problems on supposed foreign interference.

The anti-democratic assault is aided and exacerbated by two types of public attitudes: growing apathy by segments who no longer believe democracy is working for them and, worse still, a sizable group in society content with less democracy, so long as they feel their quality of life is not diminished.

These formal but hollow democracies, such as those of Hungary, Poland and Turkey, descend into an illiberal state. They are not fully authoritarian, but they are also no longer functioning liberal democracies.

Israel is not there yet, but a Netanyahu-right-wing-racist-extremists-ultra-Orthodox coalition puts it on a trajectory leading to that dubious realm.

Under this kind of government, the attorney general will be fired and replaced by a convenient yes man who will cancel Netanyahu's indictment. The current status-quo around religious issues will be disrupted, legislation reversing the rights of Arab citizens and the LGBT community will be presented regularly, and the Supreme Court will be weakened to a point where it won't be able to protect the civil rights that will come under assault.

The majority of the public is resoundingly against this possible future. In several polls, an average of 58 percent of Israelis does not want Netanyahu to remain prime minister. This is not because of a specific foreign, defense or domestic policy, but because of his alleged corruption and the war he is waging against Israeli democracy.

An aggregate average of polls along the anti-Netanyahu versus pro-Netanyahu dividing line shows a consistent 45 to 55 percent split, with the majority of the public opposed to the incumbent prime minister. But this indicates nothing in terms of the election results and the possibility of forming a coalition.

The Israeli electoral system, the political fragmentation and the endemic weakness in leadership among the left and center left may produce the exact coalition that a majority rejects, and put Israel on an irreversible course toward a quasi-democracy.

Link:
Israel election: On the verge of an illiberal democracy - Haaretz

For the first time since 2001, a majority of all states worldwide are no longer under democratic rule, Democracy Without Borders said in its 2020 Varieties of Democracy report published by researchers based at the University of Gothenburg. And with Hungary, there is for the first time an EU member state classified as autocratic.

They call it the third wave of autocracy. The first was the rise of fascism leading to World War II. The second was the consolidation of the Soviet empire in the 1960s and 70s.

Is the sad state of democracy today not enough to bring a tear to the eye? By far the worlds most successful autocracy is its biggest. The Chinese Communist Party is the most enduring dictatorship in modern history. It is also the most formidable by far, whether judged by its economic, diplomatic, military or technological power.

And the Peoples Republic is the only competitor potentially capable of combining its economic, diplomatic, military, and technological power to mount a sustained challenge to a stable and open international system, in the words of Americas Blinken.

Bidens decision to convene the first summit of the Quad was not so much an effort to contain China, as if that were even possible. It is more an attempt to save democracy.

I do want to acknowledge, Campbell told me, that the subtext of all of this, of course, is the challenge that China presents and each of the countries in the last year in their own way has faced profound and unnerving challenges from Beijing. Fear of, and frustration with, Beijing has drawn the four together.

Chinese President Xi Jinping.Credit:AP

Bidens America also is now confronting China as the leader of a system, not just as a single country. One of the defining differences between China and America is that the US stands at the centre of an alliance network of some 40 nations, including its European and Asia-Pacific treaty allies. China has no allies but a ragtag of vassal states that, on a good day, could include Pakistan and North Korea.

Donald Trump discarded this key asset. Trumps America was not really America First but America Alone. Now Biden is reviving the alliance system, more like America Plus.

The clearest early illustration is that the US is presenting itself to Beijing as the representative of an alliance bloc. As Campbell told me last week: We are not going to leave Australia alone on the field subject to Chinas economic coercion. We have made clear that the US is not prepared to improve relations in a bilateral and separate context at the same time that a close and dear ally is being subjected to a form of economic coercion.

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Beijing is unhappy at this new American solidarity with allies. A spokesperson for Chinas Foreign Ministry taunted in a tweet: Interesting. The US is now switching from America First to Australia First?

Top US officials meeting their Chinese counterparts on the weekend in Alaska spoke in defence of all US allies against Chinese pressure and aggression. With the Quad, the US brings India into its democratic circle although as partner rather than ally.

As Blinken had said earlier, we will engage China from a position of strength. Trump believed that allies were a liability; Biden believes they are an asset.

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The threats to democracy, as Trump showed, are not exclusively outside the democratic states. Division, corruption, prejudice, inequality, social media and the authoritarian impulses of democratic leaders themselves are all enemies of democracy, lurking within.

Indeed, a former Trump spokesman, Jason Miller, said on the weekend that the former president will soon make a social media comeback on a new platform of his own creation. Its enough to make anyone a bit emotional.

Peter Hartcher is international editor.

Peter Hartcher is political editor and international editor of The Sydney Morning Herald and The Age.

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Tears and fears in Quads bid to preserve democracy - Sydney Morning Herald

Thousands of miles away from Stanton across the Pacific Ocean, Burmese people are being snatched up in the night by a brutal military regime.

Theyre being beaten, shot dead and slaughtered in the streets as they demand democracy, freedom and justice after the military overthrew and detained a civilian Burmese government earlier this year.

The atrocities hit close to home for some in Orange County and in Los Angeles especially the Burmese American community who watch in worry as the number of dead bodies pile up over there for the freedoms they have here in the U.S.

They put martial law and theyre shooting people. Theres about more than 600 people that have been killed throughout Burma, said Banny Hong, the owner of Taste of Burma restaurant in Stanton on Friday.

They arrest. They torture. Theres a lot of dead bodies.

Hong organized a rally at Stanton city hall today with help from Republican Mayor David Shawver to bring awareness to the vicious military crackdown on peaceful protesters, activists and civilians willing to die for democracy in Burma a struggle that has been going on for decades.

[ Read: Santana: Meet The Orange County Restaurant Owner Who is Trying To Stop The Burmese Killing Fields ]

The country was renamed Myanmar by the military in the late 80s following the killing of thousands who protested for democracy.

Hong and other Orange County residents like Sonny Wynn have called on elected officials to help the Burmese people in their fight for democracy.

Even if we are outside of Burma, our minds are always flying back to our country, especially in this situation, Wynn said in a phone interview after the rally.

Wynn said the military has taken control of the economy and is calling on the world to stop business with Burma until a new government is in place.

Dont give the business to the military government. We need to cut their oxygen line, he said.

Orange County Elected Officials Call Out Military Regime

Shawver said democracy in Burma must be restored.

There have been too many lives lost and families destroyed. It is our responsibility for all of us to protect human rights of the people around the world, he said.

Recently, the U.S. House of Representatives approved a House resolution HRes 134, which condemned the coup and HR 1122, legislation which sets up a framework for a State Department report on the coup as well as plans to seek consequences for the perpetrators.

All Orange County Congressmembers voted in favor of condemning the coup including Congressman Lou Correa from Santa Ana.

In an interview before the rally Correa said if the U.S. military didnt pledge to follow civil authorities Wed have Myanmar today here following the Capitol attacks.

Those people that are fighting for democracy need to see that we here in America care, that we are watching and the only way the military there will listen is if we make them listen, he said. Our message to these dictators is we are not going to look the other way.

We are watching.

Correa also spoke at the rally along with a couple of Orange County City Council members. A representative spoke on behalf of Congresswoman Young Kim .

The actions taken by the Tatmadaw in overthrowing the democratically elected government, cracking down on peaceful protesters, and killing dozens if not hundreds of its own people on the streets is deplorable, horrific and wrong, the representative said reading a statement from Kim.

Burmese Americans Stand in Solidarity With the Fight for Democracy

A huge crowd of people from places as far as San Francisco came out to show their support for the protesters. Many holding signs condemning the military and wearing red in honor of the National League of Democracy the ruling political party in Burma that was ousted by the military last month.

The crowds sang Burmese revolutionary songs and chanted for democracy raising three fingers in the air symbolizing justice equality and freedom. Religious leaders lead a prayer for the country.

Speakers called the Myanmar Military terrorists.

They have been using submachine guns, said Dr. Kyaw Moe, from the Burmese American Medical Association who spoke at the rally.

(Its) as if they have been fighting against another Armed Forces like they have been fighting against Al Qaeda or ISIS or Taliban forces.

They are fighting peaceful protesters.

Moe shared the history of the struggle and fight for democracy in the South East Asian country and how time and time again the military responded with extreme violence.

He added that tens of millions have taken to the streets to peacefully protest the coup and describe the brutal military retaliation including pouring acid down the mouths of people.

UCLA Student Thet Lin Tun, President of the Burmese Student Association as his school echoed his sentiments.

The youth of Myanmar are united as one against the inhumane military terrorists, he said, receiving a loud cheer from the crowd.

Lin Tun said that youth should be cramming for exams, hanging out with friends, supporting their parents and to laugh and enjoy life.

Instead theyre on the frontlines spending every ounce of blood, sweat, and tears to protect and save their country and their future. Theyre coming up with all sorts of creative tactics to resist the Myanmar military terrorists, refusing to bend to the terrorists illegitimate rule.

They are arrested, injured, tortured, killed, and defiled, for fighting for their freedoms and basic human rights, determined not to let the military take them all away again, he said.

The crowd cheered again.

We need the support and solidarity of the international community to do everything in their power to support us and to make sure that we are not alone in our struggle for democracy, Lin Tun said.

Hong said on Friday that Generation Z is leading the charge for democracy.

They know democracy, they know freedom and they cant stand the coup, Hong said.

He added that Americans and Burmese people believe in some of the same values.

Even though its a different country we believe in the same democracy and freedom.

Hosam Elattar is a Voice of OC Reporting Fellow. Contact him at helattar@voiceofoc.org or on Twitter @ElattarHosam.

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Community Rallies to Support the Burmese Fight For Democracy Against a Violent Military Regime - Voice of OC