European Union policy makers have come up with a big new idea to drive investment and economic growth by building a capital markets union. Now they have to figure out what that means.
Jean-Claude Juncker, president of the new European Commission, issued the call back in July, telling EU lawmakers that developing and integrating capital markets would cut the cost of raising capital, particularly for small and medium-size enterprises. It would also help reduce our very high dependence on bank funding, he said.
Since then, everyone from the European Central Bank to lenders and exchanges has come forward to fill Junckers slogan with content. Notably absent in the clamor is the commission itself, the blocs executive arm, which will be in charge of coming up with the plan.
If you ask ten different people, youll get ten different answers as to what capital markets union means, Verena Ross, executive director of the European Securities and Markets Authority, told U.K. lawmakers on Oct. 28.
The idea may be new, but the problem it tries to address isnt. In Europe, 85 percent of financing comes from banks, yet lending to euro-area companies and households has contracted in annual terms every month for the past two and a half years.
For small companies, which are particularly dependent on local bank finance, the situation is dire, according to the commission. A third of small companies that apply for credit in Greece get the full amount. Half do so in Spain and Italy, compared with a euro-zone average of 65 percent.
And economic expansion in the currency bloc is anemic. The commission cut its growth forecasts on Nov. 4 to 0.8 percent this year and 1.1 percent in 2015.
ECB Executive Board member Yves Mersch acknowledged on Oct. 22 that while expectations for the planned capital-markets union are high, there is no common understanding of what it means or what it should look like.
For the financial industry, it means new business opportunities; for financial stability experts, it means better control of shadow banking; and for entrepreneurs, it means better access to funding sources, he said.
Ideas put forward by Mersch include rule changes to destigmatize securitization, addressing the heterogeneity of insolvency rules across the EU and bringing down the costs of settling cross-border securities trades.
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EU Capital Markets Union Still a Glimmer in Junckers Eye