Archive for the ‘George Zimmerman’ Category

GoDaddy Severs Ties With Daily Stormer After Charlottesville Article – Standard Republic (press release) (blog)

Ben Butler, the director of GoDaddys digital crimes unit, said in a statement emailed through a spokesman that the company generally does not take action that would constitute censorship. While we detest the sentiment of such sites, we support a free and open Internet and, similar to the principles of free speech, that sometimes means allowing such tasteless, ignorant content, he said.

In instances where a site goes beyond the mere exercise of these freedoms, however, and crosses over to promoting, encouraging, or otherwise engaging in violence against any person, we will take action, he said. In our determination, especially given the tragic events in Charlottesville, Dailystormer.com crossed the line and encouraged and promoted violence.

The company had been asked in a report in July in The Daily Beast why it did not take action against the website, even after Daily Stormer had published an article promising to track down the relatives of CNN staffers. At the time, Ben Butler, GoDaddys director of network abuse, cited the First Amendment in defending his companys business with the organization.

While we detest the sentiment of this site and the article in question, we support First Amendment rights and, similar to the principles of free speech, that sometimes means allowing such tasteless, ignorant content, he told The Daily Beast.

Like other homes for white supremacists on the internet, The Daily Stormer features message boards and sarcastic commentary. It was created by Andrew Anglin in 2013, amid a national uproar over the killing in Florida of Trayvon Martin, an unarmed 17-year-old black teenager, by a neighborhood watch monitor, George Zimmerman.

Other companies have also distanced themselves from the organizers of the rally in Charlottesville. Airbnb last week canceled a number of accounts and bookings associated with the Unite the Right Free Speech Rally, which had been described as an event that seeks to affirm the right of Southerners and white people to organize for their interests, according to a description on Facebook.

On Monday, the chief executive officer of Merck, Kenneth C. Frazier, quit an advisory panel over President Trumps statement blaming many sides for the violence in Charlottesville. Mr. Trump criticized Mr. Frazier for the decision.

And TIKI Brand, the company that manufactures the torches that were carried by some of the white nationalists on Friday night, slammed the use of their product at the rally. We do not support their message or the use of our products in this way, it said in a statement.

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GoDaddy Severs Ties With Daily Stormer After Charlottesville Article - Standard Republic (press release) (blog)

Robert E. Lee statue at the center of Charlottesville’s storm – The Seattle Times

White nationalists were in the quiet Virginia college town to protest the citys plan to remove the statue of the Confederacys top general, and counterdemonstrators were there to oppose them. The statue has stood in the city since 1924.

Since white nationalists marched Friday in Charlottesville, Virginia, the quiet college town has seen a nighttime brawl lit up by torches and smartphones, and worse violence that left one person dead and dozens injured.

At the center of the chaos is a statue memorializing Robert E. Lee. It depicts the Confederacys top general, larger than life, astride a horse, both green with oxidation.

The white nationalists were in Charlottesville to protest the citys plan to remove that statue, and counterdemonstrators were there to oppose them. The statue begun by Henry Merwin Shrady, a New York sculptor, and finished after his death by an Italian, Leo Lentelli had stood in the city since 1924. But over the past couple of years some residents and city officials, along with organizations like the NAACP, had called for it to come down.

One local official made a similar suggestion as early as 2012 and quickly discovered that emotions surrounding the issue run deep.

It was during the Virginia Festival of the Book, a series of readings and events held every year in Albemarle County, which includes Charlottesville.

At a talk given by author and historian Edward Ayers, a Charlottesville city councilor, Kristin Szakos, asked about the citys Confederate monuments. She wondered whether the city should discuss removing them.

People around her gasped. You would have thought I had asked if it was OK to torture puppies, she recalled during a 2013 conversation on BackStory, a podcast supported by the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities.

The response to her comment was heated, and swift. Szakos said she received threats via phone and email. I felt like I had put a stick in the ground, and kind of ugly stuff bubbled up from it, she said.

It was a local turning point, helped along by national events. Szakos comment came about a month after the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, 17, in Florida. The trial and eventual acquittal of the man who shot him, George Zimmerman, helped fan the flames of the Black Lives Matter protests, which erupted into full force in 2014 following the police shooting of 18-year-old Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri.

By 2015, debates about Confederate flags and monuments were heating up in Southern states including South Carolina, Texas and Louisiana. Those who favored removal saw the symbols as monuments to white supremacy, but their opponents accused them of trying to erase history.

In Charlottesville that year, someone spray-painted Black Lives Matter on the foundation of the Lee statue. City workers cleaned it quickly, leaving only a faint outline.

By 2016, Wes Bellamy, another Charlottesville city councilor and the citys vice mayor, had become a champion of efforts to remove Confederate monuments. At a news conference in front of the Lee statue in March of that year, he said the City Council would appoint a commission to discuss the issue.

When I see the multitude of people here who are so passionate about correcting something that they feel should have been done a long time ago, I am encouraged, he said to the crowd of residents in front of him. Some clapped. Others shouted, accusing Bellamy of sowing division.

That same month, Zyahna Bryant, a high-school student, petitioned the City Council asking for the Lee statue to be removed. My peers and I feel strongly about the removal of the statue because it makes us feel uncomfortable and it is very offensive, she wrote in the petition, which collected hundreds of signatures.

The City Council established its special commission in May 2016. Later that year, it issued a report suggesting that the city could either relocate the Lee statue or transform it with the inclusion of new accurate historical information.

The addition of historical context might have been welcomed by some defenders of the statues. One group, Friends of CVille Monuments, said on its website that statues could be improved by adding more informative, better detailed explanations of the history of the statues and what they can teach us.

But in February, the City Council voted to remove the statue from the park. Opponents of the move sued in March, arguing that the city did not have the authority to do so under state law.

That court case is continuing, and the statue has remained in place. It was the focal point for a gathering held in May by white nationalist Richard Spencer, who was among the demonstrators in Charlottesville this weekend. In June, the City Council gave Lee Park a new name Emancipation Park.

The rally that descended into violence Saturday was organized by Jason Kessler, a relative newcomer to the white-nationalist scene who is well known in Charlottesville, where he has fought against the citys status as a sanctuary city for immigrants.

A self-described journalist, activist and author, Kessler also waged a monthslong online media campaign against Bellamy, whom he depicted as anti-white.

More recently, Kessler became involved in the fight against renaming Lee Park one reason for the Unite the Right rally this weekend. The rally was by far Kesslers largest undertaking yet. Last week, he won an injunction in federal court against the city, which had voted to revoke a permit for the rally.

This is my First Amendment right, Kessler said of the rally during a news conference on Thursday. This is the right of every American to be able to peaceably assemble and speak their mind free of intimidation. Thats why I decided to do it.

With the lawsuit over the Lee statue still unresolved, it remains unclear what will become of it. The violence this weekend was one of the bloodiest fights over the campaigns across the South to remove Confederate monuments, and the statue remains a lightning rod in Charlottesville. Spencer, for his part, has promised to return.

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Robert E. Lee statue at the center of Charlottesville's storm - The Seattle Times

Black Journalists, ‘The World Needs You’ – The Root

White House reporter April P. Ryan declared that for the last seven months, Ive been under attack, and New York Times columnist Charles M. Blow said that the Trump administrations threats to press freedom may be existential central to our existence as the National Association of Black Journalists held its awards banquet Saturday night at its convention in New Orleans.

Unaudited convention attendance swelled to a record 3,319 registrants, NABJ President Sarah Glover announced at the event.

Ryan, NABJs Journalist of the Year, and Blow, chosen to deliver a commentary in the midst of the Salute to Excellence awards program, each cited the First Amendment as they placed Trump administration actions in the context of black journalists roles.

At a panel discussion Thursday, and again on Saturday, Ryan, a reporter for American Urban Radio Networks, said she had considered leaving the beat but decided Im not going any place because thats what they want me to do. Every shoulder that I stand on would be broken down, she said.

Ryan named pioneer black journalists who covered the White House, such as Harry McAlpin, who in 1944 became the first black reporter to attend a presidential news conference; Ethel Payne, who covered every president from Roosevelt to Reagan and was known as the first lady of the black press; and Alice Dunnigan, the first black female journalist to travel with a U.S president Harry S. Truman, on his 1948 whistle-stop tour of 18 Western states.

Ryans profile rose in April after an encounter with then-White House press secretary Sean Spicer, who told Ryan to stop shaking her head as he spoke. The hashtag #BlackWomenAtWork immediately went viral as women of color everywhere shared similar experiences of disrespect in the workplace, Lilly Workneh reported later for HuffPost BlackVoices.

Two months earlier, Ryan asked President Trump if he planned to include the Congressional Black Caucus in an executive order, only to have Trump ask if the caucus members were friends of hers. Do you want to set up the meeting? he asked.

Why stay? Ryan asked on Saturday. Its about Gwen Carr seeking justice in the death of her son, Eric Garner, who died in 2014 after a police officer was caught on video choking Garner, 43, on a Staten Island, N.Y., sidewalk despite his pleas of I cant breathe!

Its questions about Trayvon Martin and why is George Zimmerman still walking the street. Martin was the unarmed black teenager shot by Zimmerman, a neighborhood watch volunteer, in Sanford, Fla., in 2012. The Justice Department investigated both cases.

Blow cited Trumps more recent words. Three people died Saturday in connection with a rally in Charlottesville, Va., that drew white nationalists from around the country to protest the removal of a Confederate statue from a city park. Trump condemned hate on many sides in response to the protests and a terror attack in which a car plowed into a crowd.

The world needs you, Blow said of black journalists, to question why the president didnt call out the racists and said the violence is coming from many sides, to ask about the Justice Departments rollback of civil rights enforcement and about reversals of protections by the Environmental Protection Agency.

And perhaps to raise questions internally. Blow said of the white nationalists in Charlottesville, Nobody is asking which one is poor, which one didnt have a father . . .

The columnist went on to tell the journalists, Dont let this industry tell you that you have to be a brown version of a white person. You dont. Dont let them say that to be unapologetically black makes one unemployable. Dont agree that the objective is to be color-blind, rather than color-mindful. It isnt.

Yvette Miley, MSNBCs senior vice president of talent and diversity, picked up Blows theme as she accepted NABJs Chuck Stone Lifetime Achievement Award. Thank you NBC for giving me the opportunity to be my authentic self at work, she said. Miley also said she felt connected to other black journalists at competing networks.

In an extended tribute to the late Jim Vance, the anchor at Washingtons WRC-TV who was often praised as being comfortable in his own skin, Vance was shown discussing the 1970 creation of Blacks in Broadcasting, a local organization of black journalists that predated NABJ. Vance died of lung cancer June 22 after a 48-year career at the NBC-owned station.

Stanley Nelson, the accomplished documentary film maker who hosted a screening Saturday of his Tell Them We Are Rising, a film about historically black colleges and universities scheduled for airing on PBS next Feb. 19, said he felt an obligation to fill in important pieces of black history. Im interested in making films about institutions, he said. Usually its about heroes.

Rep. Cedric Richmond, D-La., chairman of the Congressional Black Caucus, greeted convention attendees Wednesday with gratitude that black journalists existed during the reporting of Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Black journalists first started to question that designation refugees to describe the displaced hurricane victims, who, after all, remained in the United States, Richmond said.

To us, it was our big brothers and big sisters in the industry at our most vulnerable taking up for us, and for that we will never forget, he added.

Colbert I. King, Washington Post: These are your people, President Trump

Leonard Pitts Jr., Miami Herald: Why did Charlottesville carnage happen? Because we lie to ourselves

Glenn Thrush and Maggie Haberman, New York Times: Trumps Remarks on Charlottesville Violence Are Criticized as Insufficient

It was a hot mess was the most common phrase used to describe a confrontational panel discussion Friday at the National Association of Black Journalists convention in New Orleans, as presidential adviser Omarosa Newman joined an exchange that began with the relatives of black men killed by police and ended with NABJs president Sarah Glover defending the associations decision to invite Newman.

In between was a heated back and forth between moderator Ed Gordon and Newman over whether Newman should be asked to defend President Trumps policies. Gordon maintained that she should be, while Newman said she was there to speak as someone whose family members had been killed, though not by police.

Newman did answer questions about Trump, however, saying that she disagreed with Trumps recent remarks that police should not be so nice to suspects taken into custody. She also insisted that, as she is often the only African American at the presidents policy table, it is important that she be there to transmit black anger over such statements.

If youre not at the table, you are the menu, she said.

Watching was an overflow crowd in a room only half as large as could accommodate those who were lined up to attend. Many were enticed by an overheated Page Six story in the New York Post that reported heavy drama at the convention because of Newmans scheduled appearance. Of those who were admitted, eight stood and turned their backs to the stage. They were reported to be activists.

New York Times journalist Nikole Hannah-Jones was scheduled to moderate a panel on police brutality on Friday, which featured Valerie Castile, Sandra Sterling, and the New Yorkers Jelani Cobb. Hannah-Jones and Cobb pulled out of the panel, and Bounce TVs Ed Gordon stepped in to serve as the events moderator, Carlos Greer reported in the Post Thursday. His piece was headlined, Omarosa causes uproar at National Assoc. of Black Journalists conference.

Convention chair Ryan Williams considered the story over the top. He told Journal-isms Friday morning, I have seen nearly 3,300 black journalists looking to excel in their careers; I dont see uproar.

Valerie Castile is the mother of Philando Castile, a 32-year-old black man and longtime school cafeteria worker who was shot and killed in Falcon Heights, Minn., in July 2016 by Officer Jeronimo Yanez. In June, Yanez was acquitted of all charges by a Minnesota jury.

Sandra Sterling is the aunt of Alton Sterling, who was fatally shot by police in Baton Rouge, La., the same month. According to police, officers Blane Salamoni and Howie Lake saw Sterling, 37, outside a convenience store after it was reported that a man had threatened someone there with a gun. Police said Sterling, who was selling CDs outside the store, fit the description of that man, Matt Zapotosky and Wesley Lowery reported in the Washington Post.

The NABJ plenary session, Black and Blue, this years effort to honor the memory of sociologist, intellectual and civil rights leader W.E.B. Du Bois, opened with a video of an emotional Castile declaring that her sons killer got away scot-free. His guilt was just as clear as the nose on his face, she said, warning viewers that what happened to her son could happen to you: Thats who make the laws.

Sterling, wiping away tears, urged the media not to re-victimize the victim and to investigate the backgrounds of police officers just as vigorously as they do the victims of police violence. Put everything out there. Do it all, she said. Asked by Gordon how she feels seeing the video of her nephews shooting replayed over and over, she said, its like I died every day with him for 365 days.

Gordon told the audience when the afternoon session began that he knew of the 800-pound gorilla in the room Newmans scheduled appearance. He urged a little decorum, and declared that no stipulation had been placed on him stating what he could ask. Gordon said that Newman had requested not to appear by herself and would join a group discussion.

Newman entered to polite applause after a second panel was introduced that included retired Los Angeles Police Sgt. Cheryl Dorsey, author of Black and Blue; political analyst Jason Johnson of Morgan State University, who is also political editor of TheRoot.com; Arthur Silky Slim Reed, a former gang leader now a motivational speaker, and BuzzFeed writer Joel Anderson.

Newman said she wanted to talk about the impact of losing relatives to violence, saying that most people just dont know me. But was not long before Gordon turned the conversation to Trump. Newman tried in vain to return to the subject of slain relatives.

As Adrian Carrasquillo, Anderson and Darren Sands reported for BuzzFeed, Asked specifically about Trumps recent comments suggesting police officers should be rougher with suspects and if she spoke to the president about what he said, Manigault said that she would not disclose confidential conversations with Trump, but that she has invited law enforcement to the White House to discuss the issue.

Im not going to stand here and defend everything about Donald Trump, she said.

As she fended off questions about Trump, Manigault at one point accused the moderator of being aggressive, took the microphone and decided to stand up and walk the stage. . . .

Gordon, too, became more animated, insisting that questions about Trump were fair game and asking whether Newman was aware of the depth of feeling against the president among African Americans when he makes such statements as his July 28 remarks to Long Island, N.Y., law enforcement officers. When arresting these thugs, Trump said then, Please dont be too nice.

Law enforcement officers around the country denounced the statement, and the White House responded that Trump was joking.

Newman told Gordon that nothing she said would appease him, and asked whether the panel had become simply a dialogue between the two of them.

She also said, no black boy should be treated the way Freddie Gray was, or any of these other young men were treated, referring to the 25-year-old Baltimore man who died in police custody in 2015.

Asked for his response, Reed said, first of all, Freddie Gray was not a boy . . .

Pressed for her own responses to such deaths, Newman advised the audience to Google Eric Garner and her own name.

Look for yourselves, she said. The suggestion was met with groans.

Along the way, three, then four, five, six and finally eight audience members stood with their backs to those on stage. Others walked out. The BuzzFeed report said, Brittany Packnett a Ferguson protester who rose to prominence inside the Black Lives Matter movement as a part of the policy group Campaign Zero, and a well-respected activist on race, justice, and policing was among the less than ten protesters who stood with their backs to Manigault as she spoke. . . .

When Gordon asked whether the White House was aware of the anger that some of us feel, Newman replied, I think they see it. Were very keen on that, and noted that the administration had invited civil rights leaders, the Congressional Black Caucus and other African Americans to come to the White House. The Congressional Black Caucus has refused.

Rep. Cedric Richman, D-La., the Caucus chair, told NABJs opening session on Wednesday, Were not going to the White House for a social gathering. He wrote to constituents in June, We gave the administration a 130 page document. No Response. We sent 8 letters. No Response. We have had zero meetings with cabinet secretaries.

And when he [Trump] didnt take us seriously, we declined a second meeting. Because we have to get his attention.

Newman said at the panel discussion, When you dont come to the table, decisions are made whether youre at the table or not.

Eventually, Newman left the stage.

Glover stood in front of the audience to explain that NABJ felt obligated to to invite members of the Trump administration to the convention, that Newman had accepted and that Friday was the only day she was available.

Gordon, still on stage, replied that organizers had discussed Newmans appearance for an hour and a half and that it would be foolhardy to assume that we would sit here and not ask certain questions.

Let us close this out. Ill see you at the White House Christmas party in December, Gordon concluded, raising his fist.

NABJ issued this statement:

As an organization of professional journalists, NABJ seeks to have candid and frank conversations with newsmakers. For years, the NABJ has invited the White House administration to partake in the annual convention. We appreciate that the Director of Communications for the White House Office of Public Liaison Omarosa Newman is participating this year and has come to share her perspective on issues that are critical to our members, and moreover, critical to the communities that we serve.

Hannah-Jones, who watched the proceedings from the audience rather than the moderators perch, told Journal-isms as she left the discussion, You can see that I made the right decision.

Cobb wrote on Facebook, A man does not grow up on the South Side of Queens in the crack era without learning to recognize a set-up when he sees one.

He elaborated, Under other circumstances, maybe. But NABJ was talking some craziness about her being there as someone who has been impacted by violence, not as a member of the administration. So it wasnt even clear we would actually get to discuss anything important. More likely it was going to devolve into precisely the kind of fiasco that wound up happening. So basically, the idea was to get people with good standing in the community and reputations for doing serious work and drag them into a gutter of ad hominem insults.

I can play the dozens with the best of them (Drew Hall, 87-88) but not in my professional setting, not when Im sitting next to the grieving mothers of Philando Castile and Alton Sterling, not when were dealing with an ignorant administration that has used insult and distraction to its advantage so shamelessly. And not when Im there with someone whose whole agenda is to turn a serious forum into reality TV.

At the annual NABJ business meeting earlier Friday, Glover and Shirley Carswell, interim executive director, announced that the convention had attracted 3,289 registrants, an unaudited Thursday figure, of which 2,554 were paid. The figure tops last years 3,225.

Gregory Lee, Finance Committee chair, reported:

NABJ total revenue $3,407,000 an increase of 63% from the previous year.

NABJ expenses were down 15% percent from the previous year.

Convention registration was $830,001, an increase of 86% from the previous year.

Convention sponsorship was $1,310,432, an increase of 60% from the previous year.

With the 2016 victory in hand, the committee submitted a series of recommendations to help set up the association with its over $1.2 million dollars in excess revenue for the year.

Michael Days, NABJ Hall of Fame acceptance speech (prepared remarks) (Comments section)

Sebastian Murdock, Taryn Finley, HuffPost BlackVoices: Omarosa Tells NABJ Convention She Fights On Front Lines Every Day To Laughs, Groans

Rochelle Riley: We must all channel the spirit of Ida B. Wells

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Richard Princes Journal-isms originates from Washington. It began in print before most of us knew what the internet was, and it would like to be referred to as a column. Any views expressed in the column are those of the person or organization quoted and not those of any other entity.

Send tips, comments and concerns to Richard Prince at journal-isms-owner@yahoogroups.com.

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Journal-isms is originally published on journal-isms.com.Reprinted on The Root by permission.

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Black Journalists, 'The World Needs You' - The Root

Today In History: July 13, 2017 – Journal Times

Todays Highlight in History:

On July 13, 1977, a blackout hit New York City in the mid-evening as lightning strikes on electrical equipment caused power to fail; widespread looting broke out. (The electricity was restored about 25 hours later.)

In 1787, the Congress of the Confederation adopted the Northwest Ordinance, which established a government in the Northwest Territory, an area corresponding to the eastern half of the present-day Midwest.

In 1793, French revolutionary writer Jean-Paul Marat was stabbed to death in his bath by Charlotte Corday, who was executed four days later.

In 1863, deadly rioting against the Civil War military draft erupted in New York City. (The insurrection was put down three days later.)

In 1939, Frank Sinatra made his first commercial recording, From the Bottom of My Heart and Melancholy Mood, with Harry James and his Orchestra for the Brunswick label.

In 1955, Britain hanged Ruth Ellis, a 28-year-old former model convicted of killing her boyfriend, David Blakely (to date, Ellis is the last woman to be executed in the United Kingdom).

In 1960, John F. Kennedy won the Democratic presidential nomination on the first ballot at his partys convention in Los Angeles.

In 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson nominated Thurgood Marshall to be U.S. Solicitor General; Marshall became the first black jurist appointed to the post. (Two years later, Johnson nominated Marshall to the U.S. Supreme Court.)

In 1972, George McGovern received the Democratic presidential nomination at the partys convention in Miami Beach.

In 1978, Lee Iacocca was fired as president of Ford Motor Co. by chairman Henry Ford II.

In 1985, Live Aid, an international rock concert in London, Philadelphia, Moscow and Sydney, took place to raise money for Africas starving people.

In 1999, Angel Maturino Resendiz, suspected of being the Railroad Killer, surrendered in El Paso, Texas. (Resendiz was executed in 2006.)In 2013, a jury in Sanford, Florida, acquitted neighborhood watch volunteer George Zimmerman of all charges in the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, an unarmed black teenager; news of the verdict prompted Alicia Garza, an African-American activist in Oakland, California, to declare on Facebook that black lives matter, a phrase that gave rise to the Black Lives Matter movement.

Ten years ago: Former media mogul Conrad Black was convicted in Chicago of swindling the Hollinger International newspaper empire out of millions of dollars. (Black was sentenced to 6 years in federal prison, but had his sentence reduced to three years; he was freed in May 2012.) Family prayer services and a huge public outpouring in Austin, Texas, ushered in three days of memorial ceremonies honoring the late Lady Bird Johnson.

One year ago: With emotions running raw, President Barack Obama met privately at the White House with elected officials, law enforcement leaders and members of the Black Lives Matter movement with the goal of getting them to work together to curb violence and build trust. Theresa May entered No. 10 Downing Street as Britains new prime minister following a bittersweet exit by David Cameron, who resigned after voters rejected his appeal to stay in the European Union.

Thought for Today: Individuality is freedom lived. John Dos Passos, American author (1896-1970).

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Today In History: July 13, 2017 - Journal Times

Guess Which One is Not Considered a Child Because of His Skin Color? – Eurweb.com

Trayvon Martin and his killer, George Zimmerman

*During his 2012 bail hearing George Zimmerman admitted misjudging the age of the black boy, Trayvon Martin, he killed assuming him to be a criminal wearing a hoodie. He thought Trayvon was in his late twenties while he actually was just 17.

Just like Zimmerman, to many white people, black boys seem older than their age. According to one study, people overestimated their ages by four and a half years. However, this does contribute in creating a false perception that black boys are less childlike than their white counterparts.

Similarly, according to another study, it was concluded that black girls need less care, support and guardianship and have more knowledge about sex and other adult topics compared to white girls.

Despite the fact that almost all children today display bad behavior at times, disobey their elders and talk back, it is all considered normal unless a black child acts that way. They are considered less innocent and more adult-like.

It is becoming increasingly difficult to create a social change today in which every child is equal irrespective of their color especially when popular actors and writers of this generation are creating images of innocent white children. It is only resulting in black children being defined as non children.

Uncle Toms Cabin is one such book, published in 1852, which created the angelic white Eva who was completely opposite to Topsy, the mischievous black girl. The book showed that Topsy was innocent at heart but misbehaved because she had been a target of violence and slavery. The success of the novel prompted it to being adopted as a stage show where Topsys character was often played by white women in black face making it look less innocent and more adult-like.

In advertisements run in the early 1900s too, white children received tender caresses while black children toiled. All such images on the television only weaponized childhood innocence as it was made a tool of racial dominance.

While black activists continue to work to remove the libel that their children were not vulnerable and not really children, it is high time to create a language that values justice more than innocence. Yes, every child is innocent but since the idea of innocence itself is part of a history of white supremacy, valuing justice more than innocence would mean protection of all children because they are children and, above all, human.

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Guess Which One is Not Considered a Child Because of His Skin Color? - Eurweb.com