Archive for the ‘Iraq’ Category

Splits Within Iraq’s Three Communities Reshape Its Politics – Wall Street Journal (subscription)


Wall Street Journal (subscription)
Splits Within Iraq's Three Communities Reshape Its Politics
Wall Street Journal (subscription)
MOSUL, IraqConventional wisdom holds that Iraq is a nation starkly divided among its three main components: Shiite Arabs, Sunni Arabs and Kurds. Yet, another dynamic is gaining importance. Each of these three groupsas well as the smaller ...

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Splits Within Iraq's Three Communities Reshape Its Politics - Wall Street Journal (subscription)

Street turned to rubble shows cost of fight for Iraq’s Mosul – Fox News

MOSUL, Iraq Two houses are all that remain standing on the street with no name in western Mosul, just blocks from the front lines of the battle to retake Iraq's second-largest city from the Islamic State group.

The once-bustling neighborhood has been reduced to rubble, its sidewalks piled high with a jumble of concrete, bricks and metal.

Standing amid the debris of what was once his home on the newly liberated street, Maan Nawaf blamed IS for the destruction around him. It was IS fighters, he said, who drew the devastating firepower of the Iraqi and coalition warplanes to the street by positioning snipers on top of the buildings after ordering residents to leave, including his elderly mother.

"We said we have a disabled woman, she can't walk. They said if you don't go, we will kill you," he said. The family knew the militants would make good on the threat: IS fighters killed two of his brothers, one of whom was a policeman, as well as his nephew, Nawaf said.

For the few residents who remain in Mosul's Wadi Hajar neighborhood, the war is far from over. Just blocks away, police units fired mortars at IS positions and helicopters circled overhead, firing into the streets below. IS returned fire only sporadically, the treacherous calm luring the residents into the street between the crashes of mortars.

Iraqi forces backed by U.S.-led coalition airstrikes launched their assault on western Mosul in mid-February after taking the eastern sector of the city in more than three months of heavy fighting. While nearly two months of house-to-house battles have flushed the militants out of parts of the city's western sector, fighting rages nearby.

Food remains a problem. Few aid trucks reach the area and food distribution can descend into chaos. Among those who managed to grab a parcel at a recent distribution was Firas Mohammed al-Jibouri. Taking it home with his young son, he opened it in his living room to find a packet of baby milk, bulgur and two bottles of oil. There was also some sugar and wheat.

"It's just enough for one day. We are 25 people here 25. Just one day," he said, looking forlornly at the small pile of provisions.

A former truck driver, Jibouri has lost his livelihood: His house is one of the two still standing but his truck is gone. Any vehicles that survived the airstrikes were used for barricades or destroyed by advancing Iraqi forces fearful of car bombs.

Out in the street, Jibouri pointed at individual piles of rubble and recalled those who were killed there, many of them members of his extended family. One pile used to be the Khaled Ibn al-Waleed mosque, the centerpiece of the neighborhood. Jibouri said 43 people were killed there two months ago when it was hit by back-to-back airstrikes, the second striking as people were trying to dig out the victims of the first.

Surrounding one of the damaged trucks, a group of men and boys worked to remove a valuable intact wheel. One child rolled it away, and it wobbled away from him into a puddle of mud. As he struggled to lift it, a man and his young daughter sat silently in front of their house.

Mahmoud Alo said the only thing he hears from his daughter, Amna, these days is a brief yes or no. Clearly traumatized by the violence around her, she has been sleeping little and spends her days staring into space. As gunfire reverberated nearby, drowning out her father's words, Amna looked around nervously at a helicopter rocketing an IS position.

"Whatever you ask her, she just says 'No.' Come she doesn't come. Bring this she doesn't understand," her father said.

He took her to a makeshift clinic, but the only thing the medics could do was give them some tranquillizers. With no immediate hope of further treatment and the war still raging around her, Amna sits sedated, and just stares.

At the other end of the street, al-Jibouri finished recounting all the death and destruction that has visited his neighborhood, trying to measure the cost of his new-found freedom from IS.

"It's a tragedy," he concluded.

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Street turned to rubble shows cost of fight for Iraq's Mosul - Fox News

Iraq: Displacement Tracking Matrix | DTM Round 68 – March [EN/AR/KU] – ReliefWeb

Highlights

As of 30 March 2017, the DTM has identified 3,058,626 internally displaced persons (509,771 families) displaced after January 2014, dispersed across 106 districts and 3,648 locations in Iraq. For the same period, DTM has identified 1,639,584 returnees (273,264 families).

Notwithstanding that significant population movements were monitored across the country, overall the total number of identified IDPs remained constant, with a decrease of less than 1% (4,182 individuals). In particular, the governorate that reported the highest change in displacement trends was Ninewa, where it was recorded in the same reporting period an increase of approximately 85,000 IDPs (DTM Emergency Tracking).

Overall, the returnee population increased by 4% (60,222 individuals). Particularly, two governorates reported a significant increase of the returnee population, namely Anbar by 5% (36,684 individuals) and Ninewa by 6% (12,714 individuals).

SITUATION OVERVIEW

During the reporting period, between 2 and 30 March 2017, the governorate of Ninewa witnessed major developments. These are mainly related to the military operations to retake the west side of Mosul city, which started on 19 February 2017. Displacement movements have been recorded since 25 February and intensified during the month of March.

The vast majority of IDPs have been transiting through Hammam al-Aliel screening site and have then moved on mainly towards camps located in Southern Ninewa, and particularly in Al Qayarah subdistrict, or towards East Mosul city, transiting through Kokjali as an entry point.

During the reporting period, the DTM recorded an increase in the identified IDP population from Mosul of approximately 85,000 individuals, registering a 30% growth from the beginning of March 2017. Parallel to displacement movements, return movements particularly to East Mosul have also been reported. Between 2 and 30 March, the number of returns to Mosul increased by 18%, corresponding to over 12,000 individuals coming mainly from areas of displacement in Hamdaniya district.

As of 30 March, the DTM reports that up to 367,878 individuals (61,313 families) have been displaced since the onset of the military operations to retake Mosul on 17 October, 2016. Out of this, it is estimated that 78% (287,250 individuals) are still in displacement while 22% (80,628 individuals) have already returned to their place of habitual residence. Due to the challenges to validate IDPs records in out of camp locations which are affected by limited access, DTM is closely working with the government and humanitarian partners to harmonize displacement figures across Ninewa governorate.

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Iraq: Displacement Tracking Matrix | DTM Round 68 - March [EN/AR/KU] - ReliefWeb

Isis now in control of just 7 per cent of country, says Iraq – The Independent

Isis has lost more than three-quarters of the territory it seized when it swept across Iraq in the summer of 2014 leaving in control of just seven per cent of the countrythe Iraqi military has said.

BrigGenYahya Rasool, a military spokesman, said the extremist group currently controls less than 12,000 square miles (30,000 square kilometres) in Iraq, or 6.8 per cent of the countrys territory. That is down from more than 40 per cent at its height.

The extremist group has also lost ground in Syria, and is currently fighting US-backed forces near Raqqa, the de facto capital of its self-styled Caliphate.

Iraqi forces backed by US-led air strikes have gradually pushed the jihadis out of a string of towns and cities over the past two years, and are currently battling the group in Mosul, Iraq's second largest city. Iraq declared eastern Mosul fully liberated in January, and BrigGenRasool said Iraqi forces have retaken more than half of the more densely populated western side.

Our troops are very cautious in their advance, BrigGenRasool said in Baghdad. The biggest challenge they face is the civilians.ColJohn Dorrian, a USspokesman for the coalition, said the fight for western Mosul has been difficult.

The enemys tactics are not only hiding among the civilian population but also actively pulling civilians into harm's way, surrounding their snipers with civilians, loading buildings that they are firing from with civilians and publicly executing civilians who are trying escape the danger, he said.

Victory against Isis has come at a staggering cost, with some towns and neighbourhoods reduced to rubble by airstrikes and shelling. Hundreds of thousands of Iraqis have been displaced, and many have been unable to return even after the fighting because of demolished infrastructure and the lingering threat of attacks.

The push against the jihadis in Western Mosul is bogged down with Iraqi security forces fighting in a warren of small streets in the old part of the city.

The federal police said in a statement on Tuesday they have been reinforcing their positions in Western Mosul in preparation for a push on the al-Nuri Mosque where Isis leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi declared the Caliphatein 2014.

ColDorrian said the fight in Western Mosul had been tough but said Islamic State fighters had no escape.

Do not lose sight of the fact that even though the fighting is going to be very hard, this enemy is completely surrounded, he said. They aren't going anywhere.

Agencies

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Isis now in control of just 7 per cent of country, says Iraq - The Independent

Land Grabs in Iraq – Foreign Affairs (subscription)

With the fall of the Islamic State (also known as ISIS) seemingly imminent, nearly every Iraqi political group and its associated militia have been rushing to take control of the newly liberated territories in the governorates of Anbar, Diyala, Kirkuk, Nineveh, and Salahadin. Those that have been the most successful are the Popular Mobilization Units (PMU), an umbrella of over three dozen mostly Shiite armed groups formed in 2014 to fight ISIS, and the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP), one of the two main Kurdish political parties in Iraq. (The Iraqi government, meanwhile, has been notably slow in reclaiming its own land.)

Some of the land that is up for grabs is rich in oil, and control over more territory would mean gaining more political leverage in Baghdad. What is more, the five governorates, in which the territories are located, were disputed even before the ISIS takeover in 2014. Both the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Regional Government in northern Iraq and the central government in Baghdad claimed sovereignty. But ISIS takeover has essentially reset the political and military landscape in these areas, allowing these political and military forces to put down new roots.

In seeking to govern and secure areas that are either predominantly Sunni, Kurdish, or a mix, Shiite and Kurdish groups have had to resort to crossing both ethnic and sectarian lines to win the support of locals and recruit soldiers into their military forces. For their parts, the PMU and KDP have tried to recruit Sunni Arabs, who constitute roughly 25 percent of the countrys total population and live in those nearly liberated territories. They have been left with little to no representation, political power, or security because even before ISIS, strong Sunni leaders had been pushed out from the central governments decision-making and weak leaders had lost credibility with the local population.

The two groups are also recruiting Kurds living in the towns of northern Diyala (Jalaula, Khanaqin, and Mandali) and northern Salahadin (Tuz Khurmatu). Some of the districts are controlled

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Land Grabs in Iraq - Foreign Affairs (subscription)