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ALEXANDER SALTER| Lubbock Avalanche-Journal

In a democracy, public policy rests on the consent of the governed. The great economist James Buchanan, who won the Nobel Prize in 1986, wrote that the status quo matters in a democracy because its from that point--wherever we happen to be--that the conversation about policy change begins. Our starting point, here and now, is the U.S. Constitution: its text, duly ratified amendments, and judicially interpreted meaning.

For lovers of liberty, the Constitution is an impressive document. Although lacking in some ways compared to the Articles of Confederation, our current national charter has the clear benefit of durability. The Constitution has been the basic law of the land for 232 years. Many of those years were prosperous. Some were tumultuous and destructive. The Constitution endured it all. It provides the basic backdrop of order against which liberty finds its meaning.

Libertarians like me admire the Constitution. We just wish our fellow citizens admired it as much as we do! While the Constitution isnt a fully libertarian document, its arguably the most pro-freedom compact in existence. When libertarians have a problem with the Constitution, its usually because too many politicians, bureaucrats, and sadly even voters ignore parts of the text they dont like.

The ways in which the Constitution protects freedom are obvious. Separation of powers and checks and balances are built into our governance system. This makes it incredibly difficult for political coalitions to seize absolute control of the government. And even if they do, the Bill of Rights, buttressed by the courts, stand guard over the citizenry. We Americans cherish our rights to speak freely, assemble freely, worship freely. We take pride in our protections against arbitrary seizure of property. And we know that these rights are natural rights, given to us by God. The Constitution recognizes them, but does not establish them.

In fact, the 9th Amendment explicitly says this: The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. In other words, the rights of the people are far too numerous to list. Just because the Framers didnt write down a specific right doesnt mean we dont have that right. The Constitution is meant to limit the government, not the citizens.

Another support for liberty is the 10th Amendment: The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. While libertarians lament the omission of the word expressly from this amendment, its nonetheless a demonstration of the Founders fondness for federalism. That government which governs best governs closest to the citizens themselves.

What parts of the Constitution do libertarians dislike? There are a few: the Necessary and Proper Clause, the Commerce Clause, and an unlimited power of taxation are the most obvious cases. The Necessary and Proper Clause, unless carefully interpreted, could easily result in an almost-unlimited federal government. Likewise, the Commerce Clause has been used to justify federal meddling in any situation which could conceivably--not even actually!--affect trade across the United States. The lack of strict controls on the taxing power has resulted in tax rates that are downright confiscatory. All of these yield a government that is too big, too intrusive, and too powerful.

But we oughtnt throw the baby out with the bathwater. The Constitution remains a respectable governance framework for a free and virtuous people. We can work within the Constitutional system to preserve its strengths and shore up its weaknesses. Unfortunately, the greatest obstacle to Constitutional renewal is the mass of politicians who are sworn to uphold it.

Republicans and Democrats are quick to praise the Constitution on the campaign trail or at a fundraiser. But when it comes to governing, their policies are a Constitutional disgrace. One is reminded of the prophecy of Isaiah: These people come near to me with their mouth and honor me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me. The sad reality is that government-run-amok is a bipartisan consensus. No party believes in keeping Washington, DC within the bounds of the Constitution. Many libertarians became libertarian because theyve had enough of our political duopolys two-step between Constitutional rhetoric and un-Constitutional policy.

The Constitution isnt perfect. No governing document is. But thanks to the Constitution, life, liberty, and property have been reasonably secure in the United States for more than two centuries. Libertarians seek to rein in the federal government by forcing it to follow the law of the land. While we can be reformist in our political programs, we must be radical in our aims.

American exceptionalism comes down to the rule of law: the idea that governed and governors alike must play by the same rules. Libertarians demand, as a matter of natural right, nothing less than the restoration of the rule of law. A crucial first step is to reinstate Constitutional constraints on government. Any other way of governing is profoundly un-American.

Alexander William Salter is the Georgie G. Snyder Associate Professor of Economics in the Rawls College of Business at Texas Tech University and the Comparative Economics Research Fellow at TTUs Free Market Institute.

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Salter: The constitution and the concept of liberty - LubbockOnline.com

It was a landslide victory for Governor Gavin Newsom on Tuesday when a large majority of Californians voted against his recall. Had that not been the case, conservative talk-show host Larry Elder would have been elected the first Black governor in the state's history, as he easily beat the more than three dozen others on the ballot seeking to replace Newsom.

In a 32-minute post-election interview, Newsweek got Elder's thoughts on what went wrong, what went right and what comes next, and the media-savvy former candidate didn't pull any punches.

Newsweek: Are you still a Libertarian or are you now a Republican?

Larry Elder: I was always both. I was always a small "L" libertarian and registered Republican, just like Milton Friedman.

Newsweek: Has the Republican party made you an offer to head the RNC in California or nationally?

Elder: Has anybody called me and said, 'Hey, do you want a job?' No. But have I gotten support from Republicans up and down the state and nationally? Yes. I haven't gotten an offer to head the RNC, nor would I expect one.

Newsweek: So you'll be getting your own TV show?

Elder: I have no idea. I was not running to get a TV show. I've been on television many, many times. By the way, I started out in television, even though people call me a radio host. When offers come, I'll consider them. But right now, I'm just chilling, figuring out what to do with my new-found footprint that I didn't have before.

Newsweek: But you said you're not going back to your radio show.

Elder: I didn't say that.

Newsweek: At your election party you referred to yourself as a 'former radio host.'

Elder: That was tongue in cheek. My goodness. I wasn't hosting radio during my campaign, but I didn't mean I'd never go back to radio. Really, Paul, look into my baby brown libertarian eyeballs I honestly don't know what I'll do next.

Newsweek: Why did you lose to Gavin Newsom?

Elder: Because he outspent me five to one and we're outnumbered two-to-one Democrat compared to Republican. Even independents outnumber Republicans in California, and Newsom was successfully able to scare people into thinking I'd do everything but reenact slavery. The only actual issue he discussed was that I am anti-vax, which I'm not. I would have had a very different approach to coronavirus, and that's accurate. He never defended his record on crime, homelessness, how he shut down the economy or how he shut down schools while his kids were enjoying in-person private education and he was yucking it up at the French Laundry while incurring a $12,000 wine tab. I don't know what he was drinking, but it sure wasn't Mad Dog 2020. He didn't mention wildfires and how he mismanaged forests, or a water shortage, or rolling brownouts, or how people are leaving California for the first time. All he did was say "Republican takeover" over and over and show Larry Elder and Donald Trump side-by-side, and it worked, because 83 percent of Democrats believe Trump is a racist, and 61 percent believe all Republicans are racist slash sexist slash bigoted.

Newsweek: The ad with you and Trump was funded by Netflix founder Reed Hastings, and it claimed it was a matter of life and death that you be defeated. Did that surprise you?

Elder: Nothing surprised me. I've been critical of the media for a long time. When I decided to run, I knew that the wrath of God was going to come down on me. The flat-out lies didn't surprise me, like "Larry Elder is anti-vax." I'm vaccinated and I encourage people to get vaccinated, but I also encourage freedom.

Newsweek: I spoke to celebrities who supported you and they told me that the ad from Hastings sent a chill through conservative Hollywood, as if to say, 'if you want a relationship with Netflix, you'd better not support Elder.' Does that make sense to you?

Elder: Of course it does. Two high-profile Hollywood people who support me, Clint Eastwood and Jon Voight, said that I could say they support me but that they wouldn't put out a statement. Voight later allowed me to post a picture of me and him. And I'm not mad about them not giving a statement, I'm just telling you that this is how it rolls in this state and in this open-minded, tolerant industry.

Newsweek: So you're saying the media didn't cover you fairly?

Elder: I put a tweet out, Paul, saying that only in America could a Black man become president and be called the Black face of white supremacy. And not one reporter has said to me, 'well, Larry, you got smoked on the recall, but, my God, you smoked all these Republicans. You got 47 percent and the next Republican got nine or 10, and you were only campaigning for seven weeks!' Paul, it is stunning what I have done. I am actually stunned by the margin of my victory.

Newsweek: So then you have further political aspirations, perhaps nationally?

Elder: Stay tuned.

Newsweek: What's the biggest problem in California and how should Newsom solve it?

Elder: Crime, the fact that people are leaving because they can't afford a house, and homelessness. I have no idea what he'll do about those because if he did, he would have mentioned it in his commercials. He didn't. He's clueless. He lives in a $5 million house in a gated community. He got attacked during his campaign by a mentally ill homeless person and his security crew took care of it. The things that working-class people have to deal with don't affect him at all. I believe it will take California hitting rock bottom, like an alcoholic, before we turn this around, because all he had to say was 'Trump' and 'Republican takeover,' and people got scared and pulled the lever for him. They hate Republicans more than the rise in crime, rise in cost of living, rise of homelessness, rolling brownouts and wildfires. It's a remarkable achievement by the left and they did it with the complicity of the media.

Newsweek: Was it a fair election with no irregularities?

Elder: We know that a bunch of people in Republican districts tried to vote and were told they already voted. It was investigated, and they eventually were able to vote, but if that's not an irregularity, I don't know what is. When all is said and done, with the margin of victory, whatever shenanigans there may or may not have been won't matter, but we all should have an interest in making sure the election was handled with integrity. I'll tell you one thing more, Paul; I was asked repeatedly by reporters if I thought Joe Biden won the 2020 election fair and square. I told several reporters, and none of them did anything with it, that just once I'd like them to ask Newsom if Trump won the 2016 election fair and square, because for four years Hilary Clinton said the election was stolen from her and that Trump was illegitimate, and the result is that 66 percent of Democrats, according to a YouGov poll, believe that Russians changed vote tallies. Never mind a 1,000-page report that said the Russians did not change a single vote tally ... a greater percentage of Democrats believe the 2016 election was stolen than Republicans believe the 2020 election was stolen. Even if Newsom said he believed Trump won in 2016, the next question should be whether Hillary Clinton should have her social media platform shut down for pushing the big lie the way Trump has had his shut down. Nobody ever asked him. Nobody. One reporter said, 'well, that's what-aboutism.' I said, 'no, it's called consistency and being fair.'

Newsweek: Do you regret your decision to run?

Elder: Not for one moment. Nor am I surprised about anything. I complained about being called 'the Black face of white supremacy and 'the Black David Duke,' but I certainly anticipated it, because I have zero respect for the media. They are the public relations bureau for the Democrats. They long stopped even trying to be objective. I just hope that now people are seeing what I've been seeing for decades. I know that even people at the L.A. Times were embarrassed about a columnist calling me 'the Black face of white supremacy,' because they told me they were. But not only was she not fired, she was on PBS, so our taxpayer dollars were hosting a woman who said that about me. Scottie, beam me the hell up.

Newsweek: So at your election night party, your handlers told you not to talk to me. Did you like having handlers?

Elder: Every candidate has handlers. It didn't bother me. But ultimately the candidate decides what to do. I got advice I didn't follow, and was happy I didn't. I also got advice I didn't follow and later regretted it. Most candidates have been at it for years and have relationships, but I had to do it on the fly with people I didn't know. I went through a few campaign managers before finding the right one.

Newsweek: What's an example of you not taking advice, or taking it and regretting you did?

Elder: I did an interview with the L.A. Times where I jumped all over them for calling me 'the Black face of white supremacy,' and my communications manager was not happy with how combative I was. But she soon learned that that's why people like me, because I'm authentic and I fight back, so she began to tailor her advice to my personality. Another time, the Today Show asked me if I'd appoint a Republican to replace Sen. Dianne Feinstein. I knew it was a question designed to upset Democrats, so I didn't answer it directly. Afterwards, one of my handlers told me I should have just said, 'yes,' and I should have. I regret fumbling around and not being myself.

Newsweek: You did sound a little more stifled on the campaign trail than on radio, no?

Elder: Oh come on. It's a different thing. On the radio I'm taking calls and giving my opinion on events of that day; on the campaign trail I was discussing issues.

Newsweek: At your party, there was a guy dancing around with a giant cutout of your head. Is that sort of adulation giving you a big head?

Elder: No, but there definitely was adulation. There's no question. I was treated like a rock star; like a Beatle. Experienced people told me they've never seen anything like it. I thought I'd have a connection, but, my goodness, middle-age men, forget about women, came up to me crying because they were thinking of leaving California until I entered the race. I did not expect that.

Newsweek: Well, you've painted a grim picture of California. Are people right to be moving out?

Elder: Do you think things are going to get better? I don't see any evidence of that. Just recently at a restaurant on Melrose that I've eaten at, people in masks held up diners at gunpoint and took their purses and watches, and Newsom has released 20,000 convicted felons early, even though studies say the majority of them are likely to re-offend. We have a law that allows people to steal up to $950, not just a day, but at multiple stores in a day, without any fear of going to prison because they're not a felon, and we have district attorneys who are soft on crime and support cashless bail, and there's no consequences if they simply don't show up to court. You tell me if people should leave. It's bleak in California. I wasn't kidding when I said it's got great resources where else can you go surfing in the ocean and skiing in the mountains in one day? but it's being ruined by horrible leadership.

Newsweek: The accusation I have heard that hurt you most were reports saying you wanted former slaveholders to get reparations. Is that the case?

Elder: Oh good grief. No one on the campaign trail ever asked me about that, just members of the media. I was being interviewed by Candace Owens, and I said that reparations is the extraction of money from people who were never slaveholders to people who were never slaves. If you really want to play this game, the Dred Scott decision called slaves property. It was vulgar, but that's what the Supreme Court said. But people always leave this part out; the slave trade could have never existed without African chieftains selling people to Arab and European slavers. Should we get reparations from them? It was a long conversation that was boiled down to, 'Elder believes white slave owners should get reparations.' It's totally unfair.

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Larry Elder Speaks to Newsweek on Why He Lost to Gavin Newsom and What He May Do Next - Newsweek

Janet Clarkson knows what happens when Canadian voters have unrealistic expectations about a politicians leadership in office: They vote you out. Period. And that can happen to Prime Minister Trudeau in Mondays election.

Clarkson should know. She was mayor of Trent Lakes in Ontario for two terms before losing to a challenger. Four years later, she ran again and retook the mayors office.

My loss was over stopping quarries, she said, but his challenges are much more complicated.

Justin Trudeau faces the polls on Sept. 20 after calling a snap election in an attempt to grow his Liberal Partys power in the House of Commons. Once confident of a victory, he is now neck and neck with his Conservative Party candidate Erin OToole. The prime minister has 31.6percent support compared to 31.3 percent for his right-leaning opponent, according to the CBC. Other parties with substantial backing include the New Democrats with 19.8percent, the libertarian Peoples Party with 6.1 percent and the Green Party with 3.5 percent.

Clarkson said Trudeau is partly in trouble for the way he handled the pandemic. There are people out there who critique him for the shutdowns and the financial [subsidies] ... and the spike in inflation that has gone along with it, she said.

Consumer prices in Canada rose 4.1 percent in August compared to the same period last year, marking the highest annual inflation rate in the country since March 2003, according to Statistics Canada.

But there is also a backlash because he called this election during a pandemic and people say this was not the smartest move, added the mayor, who said she still supports the prime minister while recognizing his problems with voters.

The decision to call the election before its 2023 scheduled date has been unpopular, agreed Western University of Ontario political science professor Matthew Lebo. It also seems misguided because smaller political parties like the right-leaning Peoples Party and the left-wing Green Party are gaining greater traction.

Libertarians have grown more vocal in the wake of the pandemic, leading to the trending hashtag #TrudeauHasToGo on Twitter. They are the angrier ones, having protests about masks and mandates in schools, Lebo said. In some provinces they are at 10 percent support.

Meanwhile, the Green Party is unsatisfied that [Trudeau] has done enough with climate change and see this as an opportunity to make their frustration heard, Clarkson said.

When Trudeau called the elections in August, polls were in his favor, with both liberal and conservative voters supporting his vaccination mandates for federal public servants and rules requiring proof of vaccination to fly, take trains or enter indoor spaces. Currently, Canada has the highest vaccination rate of single and double doses anywhere in the world. Eighty-two percent of the eligible population aged 12 and up have received at least one dose and 70.3percent are fully vaccinated.

If Trudeau loses, it will be because he failed to give voters a good reason to go to the polls after they were told for more than a year not to venture out in public, Lebo said.

The day he announced the snap election, he was looking great in the polls, Lebo said. That all changed within days of announcing he was calling an election.

In short, voters perceive the move as an exercise in vanity and power.

When Trudeau first ran in 2015, he won in an upset that resulted in a healthy majority, marking the end of nine years of Conservative Party rule. The 49-year-old was seen as having the vision of his father former Premier Pierre Trudeau, the charisma and optimism of his mother Margaret with this energizing youthful style and liberal brand of politics people were looking for, said Clarkson.

Four years later, the discovery that he dressed in blackface multiple times cost him 20 seats and his majority rule in the House of Commons. He was forced to form a minority government and rely on support from small rivals to govern.

In the final days of this months election, OToole has framed the contest as a fight against a selfish elitist who called an election during the pandemics fourth wave.

Every Canadian has met a Justin Trudeau in their lives privileged, entitled and always looking out for number one, OToole said in a recent speech. He was looking out for number one when he called this expensive and unnecessary election in the middle of a pandemic.

Trudeau, meanwhile, has had a tough time of it during his campaign as angry protesters and hecklers have hounded him at nearly every stop of his cross-country tour.

After six years of being the liberal darling good-looking, young, bilingual, cosmopolitan the bloom has faded and people are starting to get sick of the party in power.

Hes been in office six years, Lebo said. The clock is ticking.

Salena Zito is the co-author of The Great Revolt: Inside the Populist Coalition Reshaping American Politics (Crown Forum).

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How Justin Trudeau went from liberal darling to possibly endangered species - New York Post

In the end, California Gov. Gavin Newsom made it look almost too easy.

Facing a recall election that only a few weeks ago appeared uncomfortably close, Newsom on Tuesday stiff-armed a crowded field of challengers topped by libertarian talk show host Larry Elder. It was Elder, a favorite of the far right and the states diehard Trumpers, who promised to cancel Californias vaccine mandates before drinking his first cup of tea as governor.

Suffice to say, the Darjeelings getting very, very cold.

Democrats and their allies in political punditry are drinking something stronger. Newsoms resounding victory is being heralded as everything from a win for vaccine and mask mandates to a full-throated endorsement of progressive politics in the nations most populous state.

The New York Times and other major news outlets have joined the festivities. The Times has called the victory a Covid referendum and a political victory for vaccination. By ginning up so much vitriol over Newsoms strict approach to the COVID-19 pandemic, Republicans missed the best chance in years to regain control of the state house.

A tank of gas to the east, I wonder whether this weeks recall provides real insight into Nevadas own roiling political Petri dish. As the 2020 midterm election ramps up, can this states Democrats and in-fighting Republicans learn from Californias pummeling of Larry Elder and the Big Lie theorists, anti-vaxxers, and confused constitutionalists?

First, the obvious. Newsom remains in office because of a well-funded GOTV campaign that resulted in a high turnout of Democrats in a state thats trending bluer than Tom Waits on a bender. The character Newsom has displayed during the pandemic has shown in a brand of leadership thats vilified by the opposition, but to date is showing results.

Give or take that tone-deaf but undoubtedly delicious dinner he enjoyed with lobbyists at chef Thomas Kellers The French Laundry, he wasnt exactly damaged goods going into the recall effort that not even vaguely resembled the 2003 voter recall of Democratic Gov. Gray Davis by Hollywood action star Arnold Schwarzenegger. The anti-Newsom campaign reeked of too many pity-party Republicans with far more money than sense. (If its any solace, Eater San Francisco calls the restaurant the recalls biggest winner. Note to Elder: Theres tea on the menu.)

Not to oversimplify things, but California is no Nevada, and vice versa. The one thing Silver State Democrats should take away from Tuesdays recall is that nothing clears the political poker table like turnout. Pound chests, produce ads, knock on every door: The winner is the one that gets out the most votes.

But the voter registration numbers in the Silver State dont hold the same easy assurances for Democrats as they do for their allies to the West. Nevada politics is still vulnerable to chip-stack campaigns, where even a poor player with a good haircut and enough money has a chance of winning.

Its also true that, Gov. Steve Sisolaks best efforts acknowledged, Nevadas pandemic response has bounced near the bottom of the country. Its heavy reliance on a service-worker economy has made it especially susceptible to airline schedule reductions, mask mandates, and the kind of anti-vax hysteria that has become part of the talking points for GOP candidates.

In fact, its more evident each day that Nevada Republicans have replaced their traditional small-government rhetoric with an even bigger Trumpian bullhorn. They appear unlikely to walk about from Trumps Big Lie about widespread voter fraud in the 2020 election. Candidates to date show zero interest in calling out the dangerous and orchestrated disinformation campaign about the importance and efficacy of the vaccine combined with medical best practices such as mask wearing and social distancing.

Although a recent CNN poll found that a jaw-dropping 78 percent of Republicans believe that Joe Biden didnt win enough votes to become President, California GOP insiders sensed something different going on in the recall campaign.

Could even loyal Republicans be getting tired of hearing the sound and fury of the debunked Big Lie? Might some contingent of the GOP step forward and campaign for vaccination? Or at least endorse the science?

It would be nice to think so, but with U.S. Senate candidate Adam Laxalt intimating that his campaign is preparing to file preemptive lawsuits, and the anti-mask, anti-vax zealots waving their Gadsden flags in rural towns and city streets, I wouldnt bet on it.

To make matters tougher for Republicans, the state is on the way to receiving more than $3 billion from President Bidens $1.2 trillion bipartisan infrastructure plan. In a state forever humbled by long neglect, as historian Gilman Ostrander observed, all Nevadans stand to benefit from someone in the White House who gets things done.

With Tuesdays victory no longer in doubt Tuesday evening, just after 9 p.m. Newsom tweeted, We rejected cynicism and bigotry and chose hope and progress.

The line has a nice ring to it.

I wonder if Nevadans will hear that message above the howling winds of 2022.

John L. Smith is an author and longtime columnist. He was born in Henderson and his familys Nevada roots go back to 1881. His stories have appeared in Time, Readers Digest, The Daily Beast, Reuters, Ruralite and Desert Companion, among others. He also offers weekly commentary on Nevada Public Radio station KNPR. His newest booka biography of iconic Nevada civil rights and political leader, Joe Neal Westside Slugger: Joe Neals Lifelong Fight for Social Justice is published by University of Nevada Press and is available at Amazon.com. He is also the author of a new book, "Saints, Sinners, and Sovereign Citizens: The Endless War Over the Wests Public Lands." On Twitter: @jlnevadasmith.

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Is there a lesson for Nevada from California's recall rejection? - The Nevada Independent

The Conservative Party of Canada, the Liberal Party of Canada, the New Democratic Party of Canada and the People'sParty of Canada are the only federal parties that have nominated full slates of candidates in central and northern Alberta.

The Maverick Party, with 10 candidates running in this halfof the province, has two more candidates running than the Green Party of Canada.

Nearly 30 per cent of the 115 candidates running in 19 ridings are women.

Don't know your riding or where to vote on Sept. 20? Elections Canada's Voter Information Service hasinformation on electoral districts and polling locations.

These are the confirmed candidates for ridings between Red Deer and Alberta's northern border.

This central Alberta riding includes the communities of Camrose, Stettler, Three Hills andWainwright.

Conservative Damien Kurek won the riding in 2019 with 85.5 per cent of the vote.

Turnout was 75.4 per cent.

Bordered by the North Saskatchewan River, Yellowhead Trail, 97th Street and 156th Street, this riding includes downtown Edmonton.

Conservative James Cumming won this riding in 2019 with 41.4 per cent of the vote, defeating incumbent Liberal Randy Boissonnault, who received 33 per cent of the vote, and the NDP's Katherine Swampy, who received 20.6 per cent of the vote.

Turnout was 64.3 per cent.

This riding includes part of Edmonton's eastern core, between the North Saskatchewan River, YellowheadTrailand 97th Street. Its northern section, north of the Yellowhead, includes neighbourhoodsbetween St. Albert Trail and 66th Street, with 153rd Avenue as its northern border.

Conservative Kerry Diotte won this riding in 2019 with 51.4 per cent of the vote, defeating the NDP's Mark Cherrington and Habiba Mohamud, who received 25.1 per cent and 17.2 per cent of the vote, respectively.

Turnout was 56.8 per cent the lowest of all the ridings on this list.

This riding includes northeast Edmonton and areas outside the city, both north and south of the North Saskatchewan River. Its southern border is Yellowhead Trail.

Conservative Ziad Aboultaif won this riding in 2019 with 55.9 per cent of the vote, defeating Liberal Kamal Kadri and the NDP's Charmaine St. Germain, who received 21.5 per cent and 17.6 per cent of the vote, respectively.

Turnout was 60.8 per cent.

This south Edmonton riding is bordered by Whitemud Drive, Anthony Henday Drive, Calgary Trail and Meridian Street.

Conservative Tim Uppal won this riding in 2019 with 50.3 per cent of the vote, defeating incumbent Amarjeet Sohi, who received 33.6 per cent of the vote.

Turnout was 68.1 per cent.

Edmonton Riverbend is bordered by the North Saskatchewan River, Ellerslie Drive and Calgary Trail. Its section north of Whitemud Drive includes neighbourhoods between the river and Whitemud Creek.

Conservative Matt Jeneroux won this riding in 2019 with 57.4 per cent of the vote, defeating Tariq Chaudary and the NDP's Audrey Redman, who received 23 per cent and 15.3 per cent of the vote, respectively.

Turnout was 70.4 per cent.

South of the North Saskatchewan River, this riding has asouthern border ofWhitemud Driveand includes Edmonton neighbourhoods between Whitemud Creek and Sherwood Park.

Heather McPherson was the only non-Conservative candidate to win a federal riding in Alberta in the 2019 election. She received 47.3 per cent of the vote and her closest challenger was Conservative Sam Lilly, who received 37.1 per cent of the vote.

Turnout was 72.3 per cent.

This riding includes west Edmonton neighbourhoods between the North Saskatchewan River and Yellowhead Trail.

Conservative Kelly McCauley won the riding in 2019 with 60.9 per cent of the vote, defeating Liberal Kerrie Johnston and the NDP's Patrick Steuber, who received 20.1 per cent and 14.6 per cent of the vote, respectively.

Turnout was 66 per cent.

This riding includes Edmonton neighbourhoods south of the Henday as well as the communities of Beaumont, Devon, Leduc, Millet and Wetaskiwin.

Conservative Mike Lake won the riding in 2019 with 72.4 per cent of the vote. Liberal Richard Wong and the NDP's Noah Garver were nearly tied behind him, with 12.4 and 11.2 per cent of the vote, respectively.

Turnout was 70.2 per cent.

This riding covers northeastern Alberta, including the communities of Cold Lake, Fort McMurray and Lac La Biche.

Conservative David Yurdiga won this riding in 2019 with 79.9 per cent of the vote. Yurdiga announced this summer that due to health reasons, he would not be running again.

Turnout was 64.7 per cent.

This riding covers northwestern Alberta, including the communities of Beaverlodge, Grande Prairie, High Level andManning.

Conservative Chris Warkentin won this riding in 2019 with 84 per cent of the vote.

Turnout was 70.7 per cent.

This eastern Alberta riding includes the communities ofBonnyville, St. Paul, Vegreville, Vermilion and the Alberta portion of Lloydminster.

Conservative Shannon Stubbs won this riding in 2019 with 83.9 per cent of the vote.

Turnout was 71.7 per cent.

Northwest of Edmonton, this riding includes the communities ofBarrhead,Peace River, Slave Lake and Westlock.

Conservative Arnold Viersen won this riding in 2019 with 80.7 per cent of the vote.

Turnout was 68.6 per cent.

Blaine Calkins (CON)David Ondieki (LIB)Tanya Heyden-Kaye (NDP)Megan Lim (PPC)Matthew Watson (Libertarian Party of Canada)Harry Joujan (Maverick)Joan Barnes (Independent)

North of the David Thompson Highway, this riding includes parts of Red Deer as well as the communities of Blackfalds, Lacombe, Ponokaand Sylvan Lake.

Conservative Blaine Calkins won this riding in 2019 with 79.8 per cent of the vote.

Turnout was 71.3 per cent.

South of the David Thompson Highway, this riding includes parts of Red Deer and the communities of Carstairs, Didsbury, Innisfail andSundre.

Conservative Earl Dreeshen won this riding in 2019 with 80.3 per cent of the vote.

Turnout was 75.3 per cent.

East of Edmonton, this riding includes Fort Saskatchewan and Strathcona County.

Conservative Garnett Genuis won this riding in 2019 with 73.4 per cent of the vote. The NDP'sAidan Theroux and Liberal Ron Thiering received 12.1 and 10.1 per cent of the vote, respectively.

Turnout was 76.3 per cent the highest of all the ridings on this list.

This riding includes St. Albert and neighbourhoods on the northwest edge of Edmonton.

Conservative Michael Cooper won this riding in 2019 with 60.7 per cent of the vote. Liberal Greg Springate and the NDP's Kathleen Mpulubusi received 19.2 and 15.2 per cent of the vote, respectively.

Turnout was 70 per cent.

This riding includes the communities of Gibbons, Morinville, Spruce Grove andStony Plain.

Conservative Dane Lloyd won this riding in 2019 with 77.5 per cent of the vote.

Turnout was 73.2 per cent.

Between Edmonton and B.C border, this riding includes the communities of Drayton Valley, Edson, Hinton, Jasper andRocky Mountain House.

Conservative Gerald Soroka won this riding in 2019 with 82.1 per cent of the vote.

Turnout was 73.8 per cent.

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Who's running in the federal election in central and northern Alberta's 19 ridings - CBC.ca