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"This is a pivotal milestone in our innovative partnership with IBM, as we explore new ways to apply the power of quantum computing to healthcare," said Tom Mihaljevic, M.D., CEO of Cleveland Clinic, in a press statement.

It is said to be the world's first quantum computer solely dedicated to healthcare research.

A quantum computer is a rapidly developing technology that uses quantum phenomena to solve complex problems that conventional computers cant handle.

The clinic's computer is noted to be five feet tall. It will be used to advance medicine development, identify treatments for complex diseases, find new molecules to create effective drugs, sequence genes for cancer research, and even create jobs in the technology sector.

"This technology holds tremendous promise in revolutionizing healthcare and expediting progress toward new cares, cures, and solutions for patients. Quantum and other advanced computing technologies will help researchers tackle historic scientific bottlenecks and potentially find new treatments for patients with diseases like cancer, Alzheimer's, and diabetes, said Mihaljevic.

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IBM unveils world's first quantum computer dedicated to healthcare research - Interesting Engineering

Japans first domestically produced quantum computer, developed by the Riken research institute, was released online on March 27 to allow joint researchers toaccess it.

The release is not a goal, but a milestone, said Yasunobu Nakamura, director of the Riken Center for Quantum Computing in Wako, Saitama Prefecture, who led the development of the domestically produced computer.

The race has just begun, he added.

There are many challenges to overcome before putting the quantum computer, considered to be the next generation of computers, into practical use, but it has the potential to change society.

The international competition to develop quantum computers is intensifying in the hopes of gaining an economic advantage and stronger national security.

Japan aims to accelerate developing related industries and human resources in the country with a focus on a domestically produced computer.

Unlike conventional computers, quantum computers use quantum mechanics, an area of physics that describes the behaviors of micro particles such as electrons and atoms, to perform calculations.

As a quantum computer can perform multiple calculations at once, it can sometimes easily solve problems that a supercomputer cannot solve even if it spends tens of thousands of years or hundreds of millions of years.

Quantum computers are expected to advance research in fields that require complex calculations, such as developing new materials and medicine, finance and artificial intelligence.

A quantum computer will also make it easier to decipher current encryptions used on the internet and in finances.

As the technology develops, there is concern that a quantum computer could be used to decode national security secrets as well. Countries such as the United States and China regard this as a security issue and are heavily investing in developing the technology.

There are various ways to create quantum computers, but Japan's domestic computer uses the superconducting method. The quantum bit, the core component of a quantum computer, is made of superconducting materials and cooled to extremely low temperatures.

Google and International Business Machines Corp. are also working on developing computers using the same method.

The Japanese government aims to achieve a quantum computer that can be widely used in practical applications in 2040 and after, but it is said that about 1 million quantum bits would be needed to create it.

The current domestic quantum computer has 64 quantum bits.

Only dozens to hundreds of quantum bits are used in quantum computers that have so far been created in the world, making practical use a long way off.

Some predictions suggest that a quantum computer could produce values of more than 100 trillion yen ($765 billion) within 15 to 30 years.

With its domestically produced quantum computer, Japan stands at the starting point of the development race.

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First quantum computer made in Japan by Riken put online | The Asahi Shimbun: Breaking News, Japan News and ... -

In recent years, investors and entrepreneurs have been abuzz with talk about quantum computing stock. Quantum computers might be capable of breaking encryption, solving physics, and many other processes classical computers cant. The quantum computing stocks that can monetize this business could be set for big gains.

The most popular potential application for quantum computers is Shors algorithm. This algorithm can factor a number into its constituent primes faster than any classical computer. Because factoring numbers into primes underpins much of modern encryption, Shors algorithm could break modern encryption standards.

But Shors algorithm and other such applications will first need a working quantum computer to process on. That problem remains key and many companies are working on completely different methods for making a quantum computer. Theyre even using completely different qubits, which are as fundamental to quantum computers as bits are to classical computers. Whether one method becomes the standard, or many methods can work side by side, will be crucial to the future of quantum computers.

Ultimately, investing in quantum computers requires an appreciation of the science, the possibilities, and the finances of quantum computing stocks. So here are three quantum computing stocks youll want to watch out for.

Source: Amin Van / Shutterstock.com

A company called IonQ (NASDAQ:IONQ) recently came out with a new quantum computer with a capacity of up to 32 qubits. That may sound low, less than a fraction the size of their competitors computers. But IonQ wants to network its computers together, providing a modular, scalable platform of any potential size. The result should be a system that can outperform even the largest competing computers.

IonQs computers use trapped ions for its qubits, making them more stable than the alternatives. All quantum computers struggle with decoherence, wherein the stable quantum system falls apart and all information is lost. IonQ hopes its qubits will be more resistant to decoherence than its competitors, as even a large computer is useless if the information in it is too transient.

IonQ is expected to release earnings March 30, 2023, so investors should mark their calendars. In Q3 2022, IonQ reported $57 million in cash and $348 million in short term investments. They also had revenue of $3 million and a $25 million loss from operations. If its short term investments are stable, then it should have plenty of runway for the medium term. But it will need to grow revenue if it wants to stay around longer.

While IonQ is not the largest player in quantum computers, it does perhaps have the most potential. Its small, stable, scalable design could overtake its much larger competitors. And that makes it a stock any growth-focused investor will want to watch out for.

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The most promising application of quantum computing is cracking modern encryption using Shors algorithm- but that wont mean the end of encryption altogether. Arqit Quantum (NASDAQ:ARQQ) is a company selling the promise of quantum encryption. Even if Shors algorithm gets implemented, Arqit hopes it can help privacy remain viable.

Arqit claims its QuantumCloud is unbreakable and, backed by the power of quantum mechanics, is supposed to be safe from Shors Algorithm. It should also prove safe from classical attacks, meaning theres still reason to buy it, even if viable quantum computers are a long way off.

Quantum encryption may seem like a small market, since quantum computers themselves remain in their infancy. But the market could grow quickly if quantum computers become more useful. Expect the market for quantum encryption to explode if Shors algorithm ever gets implemented at scale.

Arqits financials as of December 2022 show $20 million in revenue, and a loss of $52 million. They had cash on hand of $49 million, and recently announced they were selling $20 million of stock and warrants. And they may have to again so shareholders should be on the lookout for future dilutions.

At the moment, Arqit is still competing with classical encryption methods, and against much larger and deeper pocketed companies. A bet on them is a bet that quantum computing is set to take off soon- Or that an appreciation of their stronger encryption technology will drive adoption.

Source: JHVEPhoto / Shutterstock.com

International Business Machines (NYSE:IBM) has positioned itself as the front-runner of the quantum computing race. With its latest machine able to use 433 qubits, IBM clearly holds the crown of having the largest quantum computer so far. But IBM still has a long way to go before reaching the mass market.

IBMs lead in the quantum computing race should not be understated. In 2016, IBM opened up the IBM Cloud as the first publicly available and codable quantum computer. In 2019, it made its first commercially available quantum computer, which has become the most widely used system to date. It now hopes to unveil a 1000 qubit quantum computer this year, a milestone leagues ahead of its competitors.

But an investor must also appreciate how quantum computing is just a small part of IBM as a company, and that its stock may largely move independently of its quantum computing progress. It may fall even if it hits its quantum goals, or rise even if it misses them. Furthermore IBMs quantum dominance still hasnt given it the ability to perform many of the feats that it has hyped for years. It still has not produced a logical qubit that is resistant to decoherence, for instance.

IBM is the big, safe play for quantum computing investors. Even if its quantum dominance stalls, it will still be a good company to fall back on. But its current dominance does make it attractive if you think there can only be one big winner.

On the date of publication, John Blankenhorn did not hold (either directly or indirectly) any positions in the securities mentioned in this article. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the writer, subject to the InvestorPlace.com Publishing Guidelines.

John Blankenhorn is a neuroscientist at Emory University. He has significant experience in biochemistry, biotechnology and pharmaceutical research.

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3 Quantum Computing Stocks That Are Leading the Race - InvestorPlace

March 27, 2023• Physics 16, 47

A quantum phase of matter detected in an iron-based superconductor could host Majorana zero modesquasiparticles that may serve as building blocks for future quantum computers.

Building a quantum computer is challenging, not least due to computational errors that arise from the interaction of the quantum system with its environment. In principle, this error problem can be mitigated in a fault-tolerant approach called topological quantum computing, which relies on non-Abelian anyonsexotic quasiparticles that can exist only in two dimensions. However, realizing a material system that can host such quasiparticles typically requires a strong magnetic field, which makes device integration tricky. Now Yishi Lin of Fudan University in China and colleagues have detected and manipulated structures called quantum anomalous vortices (QAVs) in the iron-based superconductor Fe(Se,Te) [1]. Remarkably, these structures form in the absence of a magnetic field and could theoretically support non-Abelian anyons known as Majorana zero modes [2].

To understand QAVs, it is helpful to consider the conventional behavior of a superconductor in a magnetic field. Famously, the field will be expelled from the materials interior through a phenomenon called the Meissner effect if the field strength is below a critical value. A type-II superconductor retains superconductivity to higher field strengths than this value by channeling the field through nonsuperconducting regions known as vortex cores. These regions are surrounded by circulating superconducting currents that shield the field at the cores, forming so-called Abrikosov vortices (Fig. 1, top left).

Rather than applying a magnetic field to a superconductor, isolated magnetic impurities can be inserted into the superconductor. Such impurities break the materials time-reversal symmetry and locally suppress the strength of the electron-pairing interaction responsible for superconductivity, defined by the magnitude of a key quantity known as the order parameter. The result is a collection of localized states called Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states (Fig. 1, top right). The energies of these states lie in the superconducting gapa range of energies that are forbidden to single electrons in a superconductor. This picture is modified in the presence of spin-orbit coupling, which couples the magnetic moment of each impurity to the angular momentum of superconducting quasiparticles. In that case, there is a quantized twist of the order parameter around each impurity. This twist forms QAVs (Fig. 1, bottom).

The spontaneous creation of QAVs in the absence of an external magnetic field has an interesting analogy. In 1980, physicists observed the quantum Hall effectthe quantization of the transverse electrical conductance of a two-dimensional electron gas in a strong magnetic field [3]. A longstanding question had been whether a similar phenomenon could exist in the absence of a field. In 2013, scientists detected such a phenomenon, dubbed the quantum anomalous Hall effect [4].

Lin and colleagues have now directly observed QAVs in Fe(Se,Te), a superconductor that has strong spin-orbit coupling and spin-polarized states associated with particular Fe atoms that act as isolated magnetic impurities. The team cooled crystalline flakes of Fe(Se,Te) through their superconducting transition, which occurs at about 14 K. The researchers then used a highly sensitive instrument called a scanning superconducting quantum interference device (sSQUID) microscope to sense and image the magnetic flux emerging from the flakes.

The team detected random patterns of vortices paired with antivorticesstructures that differ from vortices only in the orientation of their circulating currents. These patterns were spotted at an applied magnetic field weaker than that corresponding to a single flux quantum and even in the absence of such a field. In this magnetic-field regime, vortices are not expected.

In Lin and colleagues experiments, a field coil of the sSQUID microscope generated a weak magnetic field. This field produced a synchronous hysteretic switching of the vorticitythe curl of the flow velocityassociated with each vortex and antivortex. Such behavior is similar to the magnetization switching of a ferromagnet. Furthermore, the superconducting current induced by this weak field drove a rotation of the flux lines threading pairs of impurity magnetic moments. This effect is analogous to the current-induced torque observed in ferromagnets that have spin-orbit coupling [5], and it provides a way to manipulate these vortices.

Surface states in Fe(Se,Te) have been shown to have a nontrivial topological band structure with accompanying superconductivity [6]. Under these circumstances, Majorana zero modes can theoretically form inside the vortex cores of QAVs [7]. Furthermore, the members of a QAV-antivortex pair have opposite vorticities such that they do not repel each other, unlike the Abrikosov vortices seen in conventional superconductors. Consequently, it might be possible to use QAVs to exchange Majorana zero modes in a process known as braiding, a key requirement for topological quantum computing. A potential next step, therefore, is to obtain evidence for Majorana zero modes in these systems and then to explore the conditions needed to manipulate QAVs, albeit slowly to preserve adiabaticityanother important requirement for this type of computing.

Niladri Banerjee is a senior lecturer at Blackett Laboratory at Imperial College London and a steering committee board member of the Atoms to Devices Research Area at the Henry Royce Institute. His experimental research focuses on understanding and exploiting novel emergent electronic and magnetic phases in low-dimensional materials for quantum technologies. His contributions include the first demonstration of a controllable Josephson junction based on unconventional triplet superconductivity.

Jason W. A. Robinson has a professorial chair in materials physics at the University of Cambridge, UK, where he is a joint head of the Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, director of the Quantum Materials & Devices Group, and codirector of the Centre for Materials Physics. His experimental research focuses on developing multifunctional materials and nanoelectronic devices, approaching key problems in the fields of spintronics, superconductivity, and quantum technologies. His contributions to these fields include pioneering studies on triplet proximity effects at superconductor-magnet interfaces and helping to establish the subfield of superconducting spintronics.

Y.S. Lin, S.Y. Wang, X. Zhang, Y. Feng, Y.P. Pan, H. Ru, J.J. Zhu, B.K. Xiang, K. Liu, C.L. Zheng, L.Y. Wei, M.X. Wang, Z.K. Liu, L. Chen, K. Jiang, Y.F. Guo, Ziqiang Wang, and Y.H. Wang

Phys. Rev. X 13, 011046 (2023)

Published March 27, 2023

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Physics - Superconducting Vortices Made Without Magnetic Fields - Physics

IT and telecom minister Ashwini Vaishnaw on Monday said the country's first quantum computing-based telecom network link is now operational in the national capital. While speaking at the first international quantum enclave, Vaishnaw said the quantum communication link is now operational between Sanchar Bhawan and National Informatics Centre office located in CGO Complex in the national capital.

"The first quantum secure communication link between Sanchar Bhawan and NIC, CGO complex is now operational," Vaishnaw said and announced a Rs 10 lakh prize money for ethical hackers who can break the encryption of the system.

Conversation AI chatbot soon?

When asked about what the big announcement might will be, the minister declined to give further details and said, "Parliament is in session, so I cannot say anything..."

It is pertinent to mention that ChatGPT has dazzled the world with its conversational skills and triggered an AI (Artificial Intelligence) chatbot race.

It can be tasked to provide definitive answers to questions, responds to user prompts, and based on online information, it can churn out scripts, speeches, song lyrics, homework material, articles, marketing copy, classroom essays and even draft research paper abstracts.

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India's first quantum computing-based telecom network link now operational: Ashwini Vaishnaw - The Economic Times