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In a significant advancement for quantum computing, Microsoft and Quantinuum have announced a major milestone which might represent the most stable quantum capabilities observed so far. Microsofts approach allows a quantum computer to self-correct, achieving an unprecedented level of reliability with no errors across thousands of tests.

The essence of quantum computing comes from its basic unit, the qubit, which offers the potential to handle complex calculations at speeds incomprehensible to traditional computers. However, qubits are also prone to errors due to environmental factors. To address this, error-correction techniques are essential, and Microsoft and Quantinuum have made headway in this domain.

Microsoft has developed an innovative algorithm capable of correcting qubit-generated errors in Quantinuums system, resulting in a dramatically reduced error rate. By converting 30 qubits into four highly reliable logical qubits, not only did they demonstrate a notable decline in error occurrence, but the logical qubits even had the resilience to correct any arising issues without being compromised.

This advancement, while impressive, is only a stepping stone, as the real-world applications of quantum computing will require over a hundred logical qubits. The outcomes of this experiment are yet to be scrutinized by the larger scientific community, but they inject optimism into quantum research, indicating that practical quantum computing is drawing closer.

This collaboration between Microsoft and Quantinuum is pushing the boundaries of the quantum ecosystem and may soon revolutionize fields from scientific research to energy security, embodying a landmark in the evolution of computing technology.

Quantum Computing: Industry Insights and Market Forecasts

Quantum computing represents a transformative leap in computational capabilities, offering the promise of solving complex problems far beyond the reach of current supercomputers. This emerging industry is characterized by its potential to revolutionize various fields, including cryptography, materials science, pharmaceuticals, and finance, by performing calculations at unprecedented speeds.

Market forecasts suggest that the quantum computing industry is on a trajectory of rapid expansion. According to recent research, the global quantum computing market is expected to grow substantially over the next decade, attributed to increased investments from both private and public sectors, advancements in quantum algorithms and error correction, and a growing demand for solving complex computational problems. The financial investment in quantum computing research and development is significant, with tech giants and startups alike racing to achieve breakthroughs that could grant them an edge in this potentially lucrative market.

Overcoming Industry Challenges

Despite the significant advancements made by Microsoft and Quantinuum, the quantum computing industry faces multiple challenges. One of the most prominent is achieving scalable error correction, which is necessary to build practical and reliable quantum computers. The successful error-correcting algorithm developed by Microsoft addresses one part of this complex puzzle, yet scaling up to a large number of logical qubits without incurring prohibitive costs or excessive complexity remains a technical hurdle.

Temperature control is another issue, as quantum processors need to be kept at extremely low temperatures to minimize environmental disturbances. Additionally, the coherence time, or the duration for which qubits maintain their quantum state, is a key factor that needs to be extended to allow for more complex and extended computations.

Protecting quantum information against decoherence and maintaining robustness against errors are critical focus areas for researchers. As the technology matures, the industry will also have to tackle broader issues such as standardization, establishing quantum-safe security protocols, and developing a skilled workforce capable of pushing the boundaries of quantum computer science.

Revolutionizing Fields and Future Potential

The potential applications of quantum computing are vast, and the improvements in error correction shown by Microsoft and Quantinuum are significant steps towards unlocking this potential. In healthcare, for example, quantum computing could enable the design of more effective drugs by accurately simulating complex molecules. In finance, quantum algorithms could optimize portfolios by evaluating countless scenarios simultaneously. For climate and energy, quantum computers may model new materials for better solar cells or more efficient batteries, contributing to sustainable energy solutions.

With industry leaders like Microsoft and their partners demonstrating a more stable quantum future, the practical application within these fields becomes increasingly feasible, ushering in a new era of innovation and discovery. The benefits of quantum computing will only be fully realized once the technology becomes widely accessible, leading to a paradigm shift in the way we approach and solve the worlds most challenging problems.

For further reading and staying updated on the progress of the quantum computing industry, you may wish to visit the websites of leading tech companies and research institutions. Links to a few of them are provided below:

IBM Google Intel Honeywell

Please keep in mind when exploring these resources that the quantum computing landscape is rapidly evolving, and new advancements or collaborations could emerge at any point.

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Originally posted here:
Quantum Computing Leaps Forward with Groundbreaking Error Correction - yTech

Were not there yet, but we could be on the cusp of quantum computers being deployed in data centers alongside live customer hardware. But with a step-change in computing on the horizon, data center operators should start looking at the reality of deploying quantum computers in live environments.

While still a nascent technology, quantum computers have the potential to revolutionize computing.

Through complicated quantum mechanics, these systems potentially offer a route for supercomputing power on a scale never seen before in a much smaller and more efficient footprint than traditional silicon-based systems (known as classical computing).

Wholesale and colocation data center providers may be long used to hosting traditional supercomputers. Increased power and cooling requirements aside, even the most powerful supercomputing hardware is still designed and built to conform to todays data center environments when it comes to size, shape, operation, and maintenance.

Quantum computing, however, represents an entirely different paradigm and the foibles of quantum technologies mean just asking about racks and density wont cut it.

Today, almost all quantum computers sit within dedicated science labs.

However, as quantum computers grow in power, interest in deploying these systems is growing. Enterprises are looking at using them in their operations for real-world applications, while quantum startups are looking to deploy systems in data centers close to potential customers existing IT hardware. Neither yet have experience of what that means in the real world outside of a controlled lab environment.

Creating the environments necessary for quantum effects to take place requires wildly different technologies and supporting infrastructure than classical computing yet still have to be located close to classical systems in order to allow the flow of data from one to the other. This presents challenges to companies who have never had to accommodate such novel technology in live commercial spaces often in halls occupied by multiple customers.

Due to limitations of physics, the powerful quantum computers that might surpass todays classical supercomputers and offer what is known as quantum supremacy are much larger and are highly unlikely to be able to fit within traditional form factors data center operators are used to handling. The sensitive and precise nature of the technology means quantum computers must be far away and isolated enough from existing systems not to suffer interference from existing IT hardware, but still be close enough to integrate with these systems.

Many quantum computers rely on supercooling via liquid nitrogen and hydrogen-3 two difficult-to-handle and potentially hazardous liquids that have never been previously used within data center environments. The housing for supercooled systems is also not what youd call rack-friendly; the largest Kide system from supplier Blufors can cool around 1,000 qubits: the system is just under three meters in height and 2.5 meters in diameter, and the floor beneath it needs to be able to take about 7,000 kilograms of weight.

Other quantum technologies rely on high-powered lasers and sensitive optical technologies. Though not as tall or heavy as supercooled systems, these optical table-based machines have much larger footprints and need to be mechanically isolated.

The change is coming. Oxford Quantum Circuits has already deployed two quantum computers in colocation data centers; one in the UK in a Cyxtera facility outside London, and an Equinix facility in Tokyo, Japan. The Cyxtera deployment located in a former tape library required modifications to the ceiling, safety measures, and operation procedures.

OQC has said it is looking at more colo deployments in the future, and now the dam has broken, more quantum companies will no doubt look to follow suit.

GPU-heavy AI cloud providers like CoreWeave have been major leasers of data center capacity over the last 12 months as the demand for AI-centric hardware spikes. Many operators are now offering combined liquid- and air-cooling facility designs to accommodate these designs, while a few are going all-in on immersion cooling.

A similar model opportunity for colocation/wholesale providers could well pop up once quantum computers become more readily available with higher qubit counts and production-ready use cases. But quantum computers will need their own accommodations on top of the requirements of high-density AI, often in the same building.

Quantum computing providers are all offering access to quantum computers hosting in their on-premise labs through the cloud. But as demand for access increases and these companies begin building more systems at greater scale, they could well need more dedicated space.

Some quantum providers told DCD they are already in discussions with some colocation/wholesale providers and exploring what dedicated space in a colo facility may look like. Others have told us theyd rather rely on the uptime expertise of established providers than try to learn how to build and operate SLA-bound facilities themselves on top of building physics-bending computers.

If they dont want to be left behind, data center operators should start looking at, and understanding, the unique requirements these potentially disruptive machines will have on current operations; how they are currently accommodated; and the issues that will need consideration in the near future if these machines are adopted at any significant scale.

Read more from the original source:
It's time for colos and wholesalers to start looking at quantum computing customers - DatacenterDynamics

In a significant stride towards the practical application of quantum computing, Microsoft and quantum computing firm Quantinuum have announced the development of a quantum computer, the Quantinuum H2 chip, designed to self-correct its own errors with unprecedented reliability. This achievement has been underlined by the execution of over 14,000 computational routines without a single failure, marking a watershed moment for the technologys progress.

In quantum computing, information is processed by qubits. Unlike classical computers, where data can be easily duplicated for error correction, quantum information cannot be copied due to the unique rules that govern quantum particles. To navigate this challenge, the researchers adapted a method to distribute quantum information over several qubits, forming what is known as logical qubits.

The teams success largely originates from a process developed by Microsoft, which harnessed a combination of 30 physical qubits to construct four logical qubits. These logical qubits significantly reduced the error margin compared to the physical qubits on their own. Reports indicate that while unconnected qubits generate up to 800 errors, the logical qubits limited error rates to just 0.125 percent of that figure.

With a focus on scaling up, the next phase revolves around enlarging the scale of logical qubits while maintaining their low error rates. The partnership between Microsoft and Quantinuum exudes confidence, bolstered by this advancement, in ushering in the era of fault-tolerant quantum computing with practical applications in sectors ranging from chemistry to materials science. However, experts call for further details before crowning this development as a definitive breakthrough in quantum error correction.

Emerging Trends in Quantum Computing

Quantum computing stands on the brink of revolutionizing information processing, pushing the boundaries further than classical computing ever could. With the announcement of the Quantinuum H2 chip by Microsoft and Quantinuum, the technology is moving towards an era where quantum computers could solve complex problems in a fraction of the time currently possible.

The adoption of quantum computing across various industries from pharmaceutical research and cryptography to logistics and finance could lead to dramatic improvements in efficiency and cost savings. The potential for quantum computing in drug discovery, for instance, lies in its ability to model complex molecular interactions at a level of detail far beyond the reach of classical computers.

Market Forecasts and Potential Growth

Market analysts remain optimistic about the prospects of quantum computing. Recent forecasts suggest that the quantum computing market could reach billions of dollars in the next decade, fueled by increased investment from both private and public sectors. This growth is seen as a response to the urgent need for computing capabilities that can meet the challenges of big data and complex modeling.

As companies increase their quantum research budgets and new startups enter the space, competition is heating up. This could result in rapid advancements and reduced costs for consumers and businesses eager to leverage quantum computing power.

Challenges and Issues in the Quantum Computing Industry

Despite significant progress, the quantum computing industry faces numerous technical and commercial challenges. One of the main hurdles is maintaining low error rates as systems scale up. The advancement showcased by the Quantinuum H2 chips ability to self-correct errors is a major step toward overcoming this issue, but broad application remains a challenge.

Creating practical applications is also a major point of focus, as the unique properties of quantum computing must be tailored to specific tasks to be beneficial. Furthermore, there are issues related to cybersecurity, as existing encryption methods could be vulnerable to quantum computings advanced capabilities.

Quantum computing also faces a talent shortage, with a limited pool of skilled researchers and developers who understand both the theoretical and practical aspects of quantum mechanics.

For those who wish to learn more about the field of quantum computing and the latest news in the industry, a recommended resource could be the official website of IBM Quantum IBM Quantum, a leading player in the quantum computing space.

In conclusion, with the advancement of quantum technologies like the Quantinuum H2 chip, we are nearing the point where quantum computing could become integrated into everyday technology, propelling industries into a new era of computing. However, realizing the full potential of quantum computing will require addressing both technical and industry-related challenges.

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Originally posted here:
Quantinuum H2 Paves the Way for Reliable Quantum Computing - yTech

Microsoft and Quantinuum, a quantum computing firm, have claimed to reach a seminal step in quantum computing, in what could be the most reliable quantum capabilities yet to be seen.

The machine boasts the ability to correct itself, using Microsofts qubit-virtualisation system Microsoft says it ran the computer on 14,000 individual experiments without a single error.

Quantum computers can solve computational problems that could take millions of years to solve on a traditional silicon-based computer, with unprecedented speeds.

But quantum relies on qubits as their fundamental component, which, despite their speed, can produce many errors if the environment is not optimal. To combat this, quantum computers often have error-correction techniques built in so that more reliable results are produced.

Breakthroughs in quantum error correction and fault tolerance are important for realising the long-term value of quantum computing for scientific discovery and energy security, Dr Travis Humble, director of of the Quantum Science Centre at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory said.

Microsoft researchers wrote an algorithm to correct the errors produced by Quantinuums qubits, resulting in the largest gap between physical and logical error rates reported to date, Microsoft announced.

From 30 qubits, researchers were able to retain four logical qubits, which could generate solutions and errors that could be fixed without the qubits being destroyed.

The error rate of these four logical qubits were also 800 times lower than the error rate of the physical qubits.

Todays results mark a historic achievement and are a wonderful reflection of how this collaboration continues to push the boundaries for the quantum ecosystem, Ilyas Khan, founder and chief product officer at Quantinuum said.

With Microsofts state-of-the-art error correction aligned with the worlds most powerful quantum computer and a fully integrated approach, we are so excited for the next evolution in quantum applications and cant wait to see how our customers and partners will benefit from our solutions especially as we move towards quantum processors at scale.

The major step has yet to be investigated by the wider scientific community however. Further, quantum computers will likely need 100 ore more logical qubits to tackle the most relevant scientific problems currently facing us. Still, the results are promising to wider quantum computing research.

Read more here:
Microsoft and Quantinuum boast quantum computing breakthrough - DIGIT.FYI

Apr 3 2024Reviewed by Lexie Corner

Researchers at DTU have achieved the distribution of a quantum-secure key through Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution (CV QKD). This method has been successfully extended over a groundbreaking distance of 100 km, marking the longest distance ever attained using CV QKD. An advantage of this method lies in its compatibility with the current Internet infrastructure.

Quantum computers threaten algorithm-based encryptions that protect data transfers from monitoring and eavesdropping. They are not currently strong enough to break them; however, it will happen eventually. All data connected to the internet is vulnerable if a quantum computer manages to decipher the safest algorithms. This has sped up the creation of a novel encryption technique based on quantum physics.

However, maintaining consistency over greater distances is one of the difficulties presented by quantum mechanics that researchers must overcome to succeed. So far, short-range continuous variable quantum key distribution has proven most effective.

We have achieved a wide range of improvements, especially regarding the loss of photons along the way. In this experiment, published in Science Advances, we securely distributed a quantum-encrypted key 100 km via fiber optic cable. This is a record distance with this method.

Tobias Gehring, Associate Professor, Technical University of Denmark

Gehring, alongside a team of researchers at DTU, strives to enable the global distribution of quantum-encrypted information through the internet.

Data must be protected when sent from point A to point B. For the sender and the recipient to access the data, encryption combines the data with a secure keyshared between them. The encryption will be compromised if a third party manages to decipher the key while it is being transmitted. Thus, key exchange is necessary for data encryption.

Researchers are developing cutting-edge quantum key distribution (QKD) technologyfor important exchanges. The method uses light from photons, which are quantum mechanical particles, to ensure the exchange of cryptographic keys.

The quantum mechanical characteristics of photons are used by a sender, transmitting information encoded in them to generate a unique key shared by the sender and the recipient. Photons in a quantum state can be instantly changed from their original state by others attempting to measure or observe them. Consequently, the only way to measure light physically is to interfere with the signal.

It is impossible to make a copy of a quantum state, as when making a copy of an A4 sheet - if you try, it will be an inferior copy. Thats what ensures that it is not possible to copy the key. This can protect critical infrastructure such as health records and the financial sector from being hacked.

Tobias Gehring, Associate Professor, Technical University of Denmark

It is possible to incorporate Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution (CV QKD) technology into the current internet framework.

Tobias Gehring says, The advantage of using this technology is that we can build a system that resembles what optical communication already relies on.

Optical communication is the internets backbone. It transmits data through optical fibers using infrared light. They serve as light guides inserted into cables so that data can be sent anywhere in the world. Fiber optic cables allow data to be sent more quickly and over longer distances, and light signals are less prone to interference (technically known as noise).

It is a standard technology that has been used for a long time. So, you don't need to invent anything new to be able to use it to distribute quantum keys, and it can make implementation significantly cheaper. And we can operate at room temperature. But CV QKD technology works best over shorter distances. Our task is to increase the distance. And the 100 km is a big step in the right direction.

Tobias Gehring, Associate Professor, Technical University of Denmark

The researchers achieved an extended distance by addressing three limiting factors that hindered their system from exchanging quantum-encrypted keys over longer distances.

Machine learning facilitated earlier detection of disturbances, termed noise, affecting the system. These disturbances, which may originate from sources like electromagnetic radiation, have the potential to distort or compromise the quantum states being transmitted. Early noise detection enabled more efficient mitigation of its effects.

The researchers are now more adept at fixing mistakes that may arise along the route due to interference, noise, or hardware flaws.

Tobias Gehring says, In our upcoming work, we will use the technology to establish a secure communication network between Danish ministries to secure their communication. We will also attempt to generate secret keys between, for example, Copenhagen and Odense to enable companies with branches in both cities to establish quantum-safe communication.

Adnan, A. E. H., et al. (2024). Long-distance continuous-variable quantum key distribution over 100-km fiber with local local oscillator. Science Advances. doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi9474.

Source: https://www.dtu.dk/english/

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Quantum Encryption Integrates With Existing Infrastructure - AZoQuantum