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The computer engine rooms that power the digital economy have become surprisingly energy efficient.

A new study of data centers globally found that while their computing output jumped sixfold from 2010 to 2018, their energy consumption rose only 6 percent. The scientists findings suggest concerns that the rise of mammoth data centers would generate a surge in electricity demand and pollution have been greatly overstated.

The major force behind the improving efficiency is the shift to cloud computing. In the cloud model, businesses and individuals consume computing over the internet as services, from raw calculation and data storage to search and social networks.

The largest cloud data centers, sometimes the size of football fields, are owned and operated by big tech companies like Google, Microsoft, Amazon and Facebook.

Each of these sprawling digital factories, housing hundreds of thousands of computers, rack upon rack, is an energy-hungry behemoth. Some have been built near the Arctic for natural cooling and others beside huge hydroelectric plants in the Pacific Northwest.

Still, they are the standard setters in terms of the amount of electricity needed for a computing task. The public thinks these massive data centers are energy bad guys, said Eric Masanet, the lead author of the study. But those data centers are the most efficient in the world.

The study findings were published on Thursday in an article in the journal Science. It was a collaboration of five scientists at Northwestern University, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and an independent research firm. The project was funded by the Department of Energy and by a grant from a Northwestern alumnus who is an environmental philanthropist.

The new research is a stark contrast to often-cited predictions that energy consumption in the worlds data centers is on a runaway path, perhaps set to triple or more over the next decade. Those worrying projections, the study authors say, are simplistic extrapolations and what-if scenarios that focus mainly on the rising demand for data center computing.

By contrast, the new research is a bottom-up analysis that compiles information on data center processors, storage, software, networking and cooling from a range of sources to estimate actual electricity use. Enormous efficiency improvements, they conclude, have allowed computing output to increase sharply while power consumption has been essentially flat.

Were hopeful that this research will reset peoples intuitions about data centers and energy use, said Jonathan Koomey, a former scientist at the Berkeley lab who is an independent researcher.

Over the years, data center electricity consumption has been a story of economic incentives and technology advances combining to tackle a problem.

From 2000 to 2005, energy use in computer centers doubled. In 2007, the Environmental Protection Agency forecast another doubling of power consumed by data centers from 2005 to 2010.

In 2011, at the request of The New York Times, Mr. Koomey made an assessment of how much data center electricity consumption actually did increase between 2005 and 2010. He estimated the global increase at 56 percent, far less than previously expected. The recession after the 2008 financial crisis played a role, but so did gains in efficiency. The new study, with added data, lowered that 2005 to 2010 estimate further.

But the big improvements have come in recent years. Since 2010, the study authors write in Science, the data center landscape has changed dramatically.

The tectonic shift has been to the cloud. In 2010, the researchers estimated that 79 percent of data center computing was done in smaller traditional computer centers, largely owned and run by non-tech companies. By 2018, 89 percent of data center computing took place in larger, utility-style cloud data centers.

The big cloud data centers use tailored chips, high-density storage, so-called virtual-machine software, ultrafast networking and customized airflow systems all to increase computing firepower with the least electricity.

The big tech companies eke out every bit of efficiency for every dollar they spend, said Mr. Masanet, who left Northwestern last month to join the faculty of the University of California, Santa Barbara.

Google is at the forefront. Its data centers on average generate seven times more computing power than they did just five years ago, using no more electricity, according to Urs Hlzle, a senior vice president who oversees Googles data center technology.

In 2018, data centers consumed about 1 percent of the worlds electricity output. That is the energy-consumption equivalent of 17 million American households, a sizable amount of energy use but barely growing.

The trend of efficiency gains largely offsetting rising demand should hold for three or four years, the researchers conclude. But beyond a few years, they say, the outlook is uncertain.

In the Science article, they recommend steps including more investment in energy-saving research and improved measurement and information sharing by data center operators worldwide.

The next few years, they write, will be a critical transition phase to ensure a low-carbon and energy-efficient future.

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Cloud Computing Is Not the Energy Hog That Had Been Feared - The New York Times

Updated: May 25, 2018:

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Happy 11th Blogiversary to Zen & the Art of Legal Networking! - JD Supra

A former film maker is hiring a professional directorto help launch his 10-year-old daughter's career as a YouTube star.

Auckland dad Sunny Khurana said he is willing to pay the right person generouslyto write, shoot and edit videos with his daughter Shreya for her own channel.

"I guess it's kind of a dream of my own. I made some short films, won some awards, but there was no money there so I had to change my direction to become a real estate guy, an investor. Now I look at that dream in my daughter and she shows interest and I can see the passion in her."

Abigail Dougherty

Shreya Khurana in the studio at her Blockhouse Bay home, where she plans to start making content for her on YouTube channel.

The successful candidate will work with Shreya in astudio, equipped with a green screen and professional lights, thatthe family has set up in their Blockhouse Bay home.

READ MORE:*How Kiwi teen went from sharing inspirational quotes to working with US millionaires*YouTube suspends comments on videos of kids*The realities of being an influencer: 7am start to working in the dark*12-year-old 'Slime Princess' doubles business' worth while battling Viacom over trademark

"I'm looking for someone who's really really passionate. In fact, if I go back in time to what I used to be 10 years ago, I'd like to find someone like me,"Khurana said.

The director's first task would be to coach Shreyaso that she feels comfortable on camera. Then, the pair would work together to brainstorm content ideas for her yet-to-be-named YouTube channel.

An avid viewer of YouTube videos by an Australian family who go by the name The Norris Nuts,Shreyastarted making videos with her cousins for fun in 2019.

"I like comedy a lot so I want to make comedy videos and challenges. My cousins will be in a lot of my videos," the Year 6 pupil said.

Abigail Dougherty

Auckland dad Sunny Khurana shares a passion for film making with his 10-year-old daughter Shreya.

Khuranais not too concerned about the possibility of Shreya being targeted by internet trolls because he sayssheis astute for her age.

He had originally wanted to work with Shreya on her YouTube project but had become too busyrunning hisreal estate education business.

Khuranasaid he wouldnegotiate the terms of the job, including its pay, with the successful applicant.

"Most jobs in this field are not paid and I'm willing to pay quite handsomely."

The director would be required for two to three hours about three times a week.

Khurana has placed an advertisement for the role on The Big Idea website and several people have applied so far.

Stuff readers interested in applying can contact Khurana atsunny@propertymojo.co.nz.

Abigail Dougherty

Shreya and Sunny Khurana are looking to hire a film producer who will help Shreya write, shoot and edit videos for her YouTube channel.

More:
Auckland dad hiring professional director to help his 10-year-old become a YouTube star - Stuff.co.nz

Know How The Best Growth Opportunities in Social Networking Market to Generate Huge Acquisition in Forthcoming Years [2020-2029]?

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(PDF Innovation): Social Networking Market Report By MarketResearch.Biz [Involved Key Players Are: Facebook Inc.,Flickr and .] - Sound On Sound Fest

The Tron Foundation, a cryptocurrency firm that is known for hyping its long ledger of partnerships, appears to have entered a particularly important one today.

The maintainer of major cryptocurrency Tron (TRX) has just partnered with Steemit, a major blockchain-based blogging and social networking website to provide its network for Steemit services.

As part of the strategic partnership, the Tron Foundation will work with the firm to move Steemit and other Steem blockchain-based decentralized applications (DApps) to the Tron blockchain, the firms said in an announcement shared with Cointelegraph on Feb. 14.

The partnership also includes the shift of old Steem (STEEM) token to a new STEEM token based on the Tron blockchain. Following the news, Steem token surged almost 26% over a 24-hour period as of press time. TRX has also edged up notably, trading 10% higher at the time of publication.

Additionally, the collaboration will enable giveaways to the existing TRX users with the new Tron-based STEEM token as well as a new accelerator program towards the developer community.

Tron founder and CEO Justin Sun expressed confidence that the new partnership will allow the companies to usher in a new era of decentralized social networking. Sun confirmed the news on Twitter, giving the name Steemit 2.0 to the upcoming Tron-based Steemit.

Ned Scott, a co-founder and chairman at Steemit, emphasized that the platform was created in 2016 with the original mission of meeting cryptocurrencies to achieve mass adoption. Scott continued:

From launching the platform in 2016 on a shoestring budget to today, Ive enjoyed the development of the platform and the growth of its user base -- now Im excited to see a strategic partner attempt to bring it to new heights.

Providing a Reddit-alike service running on the Steemits proprietary Steem blockchain, Steemit is one of the largest DApps, with over 1.3 million registered accounts as of press time, according to data from Steem block explorer. Steemit is also known for releasing blockchain-based alternatives for major media websites like Youtube and Instagram such as DTube and APPICS.

The partnership will apparently bring much more traction to Trons blockchain with Steemit's solid user base. According to data from website traffic analysis tool SimilarWeb, Steemit website had over 7.8 million visits in January 2020. According to the announcement, Trons now has over 800 DApps running on its ecosystem.

The news follows a reported bug on the Steem blockchain-based rewards platform for publishers in September 2019. In fact, the platform apparently experienced multiple bugs on its blockchain, with some of them halting the network operation for at least two days.

Andrew Levine, head of communications at Steemit, noted to Cointelegraph that the company has been actively working over the past year despite largely avoiding the spotlight in 2019. Levine said:

A lot of people think we've been standing still for the past year, but we've been working a lot on our infrastructure including Hivemind, Mira, and with communities on Steemit."

Earlier in February, Tron founder Sun finally had his charity lunch with Berkshire Hathaway chairman and famous Bitcoin (BTC) critic Warren Buffett after a series of delays in 2019.

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Steemit to Shift Its Proprietary Blockchain and Token to Tron Network - Cointelegraph