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A federal judge on Friday temporarily blocked Oklahoma from enforcing its new immigration law that would make it a crime to enter the state without legal authorization to be in the United States.

The ruling, issued just days before the law was set to go into effect on Monday, is the latest legal setback for Republican-controlled states that have tested the limits of their role in immigration by passing their own legislation meant to crack down on people who crossed the border illegally. The Justice Department maintains that only the federal government can regulate and enforce immigration.

A Texas law that would have given state and local police officers the authority to arrest undocumented migrants was put on hold by a federal appeals court in March. The Supreme Court had briefly let the law stand but returned the case to the appeals court, which decided to pause enforcement of it.

Then, in May, a federal judge temporarily blocked part of a Florida law that made it a crime to transport unauthorized immigrants into the state. And in mid-June, an Iowa law that would have made it a crime for an immigrant to enter the state after being deported or denied entry into the country was put on pause by a district court.

In the Oklahoma case, U.S. District Judge Bernard M. Jones wrote in his ruling that the state may have understandable frustrations with the problems caused by illegal immigration, but the state may not pursue policies that undermine federal law. He issued a preliminary injunction, pausing enforcement of the law while a case over the laws constitutionality continues.

Under the new law, willfully entering and remaining in Oklahoma without legal immigration status would be a state crime called an impermissible occupation. A first offense would be a misdemeanor, with penalties of up to one year in jail and a $500 fine; a subsequent offense would be a felony, punishable by up to two years in jail and a $1,000 fine.

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Oklahoma Law Criminalizing Immigrants Without Legal Status Is Blocked - The New York Times